Fig. 1

Dose-dependent inhibitory effect of the extracts 1–5 on viral RNA synthesis. A549 cells were infected with 100 TCID₅₀ influenza H1N1 viruses and treated with different concentrations of the extracts 1–5 (3, 10 or 30 μg/mL) and the DMSO (0.03%) for 5 h. The total RNA was extracted and followed by qPCR analysis. To quantify the changes in gene expression, the 2^-ΔΔC(q) method was used to calculate relative changes which were normalized to the GAPDH gene and the untreated control (model group, which was set to 1). Value calculated as Mean ± SD of three independent tests, with ^* p < 0.05 and ^**p < 0.001, respectively