Fig. 7

SOE increases MIA inhibited chondrogenic marker gene expression. qPCR determination of mRNA levels of chondrogenic genes (a) Sox9, (b) Bmp2, (c) Col2a, (d) Aggrecan, (e) TIMP-1 and (f) TIMP-2 in isolated bone region which contain cartilage and sub-chondral bone. All values are expressed as Mean ± S.E.M. (n = 6/group); *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared to the MIA group ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, compared to the 250 mg.kg^− 1 day^− 1 dose. Sex determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) (Fig. 6a), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) (Fig. 6b), collagen type-II (Col2) Tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), NS= non significant