Fig. 3

Effect of CLSE on HCT116 cell invasion and migration under hypoxic conditions. a. Representative images showing the effect of CLSE on HCT116 cell invasion through a Matrigel®-coated Transwell® chamber membrane (magnification: 200×). After treatment with CLSE (0.5, 1 mg/mL) for 48 h under hypoxic conditions, cells that had invaded the transwells were analyzed through crystal violet staining. b. Number of HCT116 cells that invaded following CLSE treatment. The values are normalized to the number of invaded control cells (normoxia). ** p < 0.01 versus normoxia control group. ^# p < 0.05 versus hypoxia-only group. c. After treatment with DFO (100 μM) and/or CLSE (0.5, 1 mg/mL) for 24 h, cells were seeded into Matrigel-coated wells and then analyzed using an MTT assay. Number of HCT116 cells that adhered to the Matrigel®-coated plate following CLSE treatment. The values are normalized to the number of adherent control cells (untreated). * p < 0.05 versus untreated control group. ^## p < 0.01, ^### p < 0.001 versus DFO-only groups. Data are mean ± SD (n = 3). CLSE, Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen Stapf sprout extract; H, hypoxia; SD, standard deviation