Table 2 Inclusion criteria

● Healthy male or female volunteers ≥35 to ≤70 years of age.

● Able to understand study procedures and provide signed informed consent, and authorizes release of relevant health information to study investigator.

● Willing to maintain current background dietary and physical activity pattern throughout study period.

● Normally active and otherwise judged to be in good health on the basis of medical history and physical examination.

● Knee joint:

 ○ No knee joint discomfort at rest.

 ○ Experience knee joint discomfort with activity or exercise within the last 2 weeks of at least 30 mm out of 100 mm on VAS rating for “knee discomfort with activity or exercise at any time over the last 2 weeks”.

 ○ Must achieve a rating of at least 30 mm on a 100 mm VAS at any point throughout the standardized lower extremity exercise performance screening test (Screening test = 3 sets of 10–12 repetitions on seated knee extension machine +3-min walk test at maximal walking velocity).

● Females:

 ● Non-pregnant, non-lactating females who agree to use effective contraceptive methods throughout the course of the study.

 ● Females of childbearing potential must agree to use one of the following acceptable birth control methods:

 ○ Surgically sterile (hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy);

 ○ Surgically sterile (bilateral tubal ligation with surgery at least 6 weeks prior to study initiation)

 ○ Intrauterine device (IUD) in place for at least 3 months

 ○ Abstinence (not having sexual intercourse)

 ○ Barrier method (condom or diaphragm) with spermicide for at least 14 days prior to screening and through study completion