Fig. 6

S. spinosum extracts induced the phosphorylation of Akt downstream protein with only minor phosphorylation of Akt. L6 myotubes were treated with 100 nM insulin or S. spinosum extracts for 20 min. a A simultaneous detection of 16 phosphorylated proteins predominantly belonging to the insulin signaling network was performed on whole cell lysates using PathScan analysis antibody array, as described in Materials and Methods. The results were detected by enhanced chemiluminescence and optical density was measured. Data are expressed as percent of OD obtained in control. The data represents the Mean ± SEM of 4 replicates. b and c L6 myotubes were untreated for negative control (C), or treated with 100 nM insulin (Ins), S. spinosum fruits (F), leaves (L) or roots (R) extracts or metformin (Met) for 20 min. Western-blot analysis of whole lysate was performed using specific antibodies. These are representative results of 3 independent experiments. The bar graph in d is the result of optical density measurements of Western blots in b and c. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005 compared to untreated cells by Student’s t-test