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Fig. 2 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Fig. 2

From: Withania somnifera leaf alleviates cognitive dysfunction by enhancing hippocampal plasticity in high fat diet induced obesity model

Fig. 2

Analysis of various parameters during recognition memory test. Novel object recognition test performance is shown in a-f. HFD rats showed significantly less number of episodes in exploring the new object than old one (a) compared to control rats, whereas HFDE rats spent more time and episodes in exploring the new object as compared to HFD rats (a and c) indicating their intact recognition memory. Significant difference in the preference index among HFD and HFDE group rats indicates the preference of the ASH treated HFD rats for the novel object (b). HFD rats spent more time in grooming with significantly higher percentage of grooming bouts compared to control rats (d and e) indicating their high stress levels. No significant change was found in the number of rearings among all the groups except HFDE rats with highest rearing activity (f). Values are expressed as ± SEM, *p < 0.05 LFD vs. HFD, LFDE and HFDE, # p < 0.05 LFDE and HFD rats, ¶ p < 0.05 HFDE vs. HFD rats, β p < 0.05 old vs new within a group, € p < 0.05 LFD vs HFD within old, $signifies highly significant levels. Holm sidak post-hoc test after one way and two-way ANOVA

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