Extraction | Solvent | Bioactivity for each mode of antiviral activitya
|
|---|
Protectionb
| Absorptionc
| Replicationd
| Directe
|
|---|
Decoction | H2O | NA | 100 (9 ± 1) | 69 ± 11 (> 50) | 100 (17 ± 6) |
H2O/EtOH 1:1 | NA | 99 ± 2 (31 ± 5) | 94 ± 4 (> 50) | 100 (14 ± 4) |
EtOH | NA | 90 ± 0 (44 ± 8) | 91 ± 16 (> 50) | 100 (22 ± 3) |
Infusion | H2O | NA | 99 ± 2 (17 ± 2) | 85 ± 7 (> 50) | 100 (14 ± 3) |
H2O/EtOH 1:1 | NA | 98 ± 4 (9 ± 3) | 82 ± 10 (> 50) | 100 (11 ± 2) |
EtOH | NA | 100 (40 ± 5) | Tx | 100 (28 ± 6) |
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NA Inhibition of lysis plaques < 50% was considered not active, Tx Cytotoxic against Vero cells at 100 μg mL−1
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aInhibitory percentage of lysis plaque induced by HSV-1 at a sample concentration of 100 μg mL−1 (top row), and effective concentration (μg mL−1) inhibiting 50% (EC50) of lysis plaque (bottom row; in parentheses). Acyclovir was used as positive control with 100% inhibition of lysis plaques at a concentration of 0.75 μg mL−1
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bVero cells were pretreated with compounds prior infection
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cVero cells and viruses were incubated together with compounds during the absorption period
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dCompounds were added after absorption and during the replication period
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eViruses were incubated directly with compounds prior infection of Vero cells
