Fig. 3From: Bitter melon protects against ER stress in LS174T colonic epithelial cellsBME suppresses TM-induced UPR activation in LS174T colonic epithelial cells. LS174T cells pre-treated, co-treated or post-treated with 0.125% and 0.25% BME for 6 h prior to, during or after ER stress induction using tunicamycin (10 μg/mL). mRNA expression of UPR genes ATF6, XBP1, GRP78, CHOP and PERK in LS174T cells were measured by qRT-PCR. The mRNA gene expression is relative to TM (10ug/mL in DMSO) expression and normalized to GAPDH (n = 5) Data are shown as the mean fold change ± SEM (significance testing vs TM: *, **, ***; p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively)Back to article page