| Odds ratio | 95% C.I. | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
Demographic/Clinical characteristics | ||||
 Gender |  |  |  |  |
  Female | 1.40 | 0.81 | 2.41 | .223 |
 Age | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.03 | .240 |
 Prior acupuncture | 1.55 | 0.93 | 2.59 | .094 |
 Co-treatment | 1.46 | 0.78 | 2.76 | .240 |
 Sector |  |  |  |  |
  Private | 0.33 | 0.09 | 1.19 | .089 |
 Clinic type |  |  |  |  |
  CAM or acupuncture/TCM a |  |  |  | .820 |
  Physiotherapy | 0.93 | 0.24 | 3.64 | .921 |
  Pain clinic | 0.74 | 0.16 | 3.56 | .710 |
  GP | 0.63 | 0.13 | 3.11 | .566 |
 Acupuncture style |  |  |  | .660 |
  Unclear a |  |  |  |  |
  Western | 0.79 | 0.39 | 1.61 | .520 |
  Traditional or TCM | 0.69 | 0.31 | 1.55 | .368 |
  Mixed | 1.32 | 0.37 | 4.79 | .671 |
Psychological variables | ||||
 Illness perceptions |  |  |  |  |
  Treatment control | 0.99 | 0.83 | 1.17 | .869 |
  Identity | 0.81** | 0.90 | 0.94 | .006 |
  Comprehensible | 1.04 | 0.93 | 1.15 | .521 |
 Treatment beliefs |  |  |  |  |
  Expectancy | 1.10 | 0.94 | 1.28 | .259 |
  Participation in treatment | 1.05 | 1.00 | 1.11 | .072 |
 Appraisals |  |  |  |  |
  Credibility of acupuncture | 0.96 | 0.81 | 1.14 | .663 |
  Acupuncturist | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.03 | .850 |
  Convenient appointments | 1.40 | 0.79 | 2.45 | .254 |
  Not effortful to attend | 2.09* | 1.18 | 3.73 | .012 |
  Not too expensive | 1.23 | 0.72 | 2.08 | .454 |