The effects of Nigella sativa on thyroid function, serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) – 1, Nesfatin-1 and anthropometric features in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Dietary intakes of energy and nutrients in treatment groups before and after intervention

N	Nigella sativa	Placebo	P†
N	N = 20	N = 20	P†
Total calories (kcal/d)
Before	2251.90 ± 349.58	2208.95 ± 327.80	0.69
After	2236.40 ± 248.27	2265.45 ± 270.73	0.72
P‡	0.77	0.32
Carbohydrate (%)
Before	57.11 ± 2.90	57.07 ± 3.78	0.97
After	57.24 ± 2.71	57.58 ± 3.32	0.72
P‡	0.26	0.67
Protein (%)
Before	15.73 ± 1.68	15.07 ± 1.29	0.17
After	15.77 ± 1.36	15.10 ± 1.81	0.19
P‡	0.94	0.94
Fat (%)
Before	27.34 ± 2.15	26.57 ± 2.32	0.28
After	26.56 ± 1.96	26.13 ± 2.48	0.55
P‡	0.51	0.51
Vitamin E (mg/d)
Before	2.98 ± 1.08	3.43 ± 1.48	0.36
After	2.89 ± 1.64	3.40 ± 1.19	0.28
P‡	0.80	0.96
Vitamin C (mg/d)
Before	79.75 ± 22.69	75.67 ± 17.24	0.52
After	28.37 ± 11.84	75.45 ± 15.36	0.59
P‡	0.77	0.91

Data are presented as mean ± SD, †P values for ANOCOVA after adjustment for age, gender, duration of the disease and variable’s baseline value; ‡P values for paired t-test

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