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Table 5 Results spinal mobility b-8 and 8b-12

From: The effects of yoga on shoulder and spinal actions for women with breast cancer-related lymphoedema of the arm: A randomised controlled pilot study

Within group changes b-8

Between group changes b-8

Within group changes 8b-12

Between group changes 8b-12

VariableGp (n)

Week 0

m ± SD

Week 8

m ± SD

P (0–8)

P (0)

∆int-∆con 0–8

Md; (95 % CI)

P (0–8)

Variable

Gp (n)

Week 8b

m ± SD

Week 12

m ± SD

P (8b-12)

∆int-∆con 8b-12

Md; (95 % CI)

P (8b-12)

LATERAL FLEXION

 Pelvic Obliquity β1

  Con(6)

15.40 ± 6.23

13.83 ± 6.09

0.585

0.007

−8.39; (−15.64 to −1.13)

0.023

Con(6)

13.83 ± 6.09

13.72 ± 8.79

0.972

0.52; (−8.29 to 9.33)

0.908

  Int(9)

25.37 ± 6.90

15.41 ± 7.94

0.001

Int(7)

13.44 ± 5.58

13.84 ± 7.22

0.896

 Lumbar range β2

  Con(6)

24.82 ± 15.37

17.27 ± 9.12

0.016

0.521

6.48; (−1.43 to 14.40)

0.109

Con(6)

17.27 ± 9.12

19.33 ± 6.11

0.512

−5.54; (−13.96 to 2.88)

0.197

  Int(9)

21.18 ± 10.35

20.11 ± 8.34

0.676

Int(7)

20.56 ± 9.12

17.09 ± 4.53

0.234

 Thoracic range β3

 

  Con(6)

48.80 ± 11.71

51.90 ± 3.14

0.286

0.543

0.72; (−6.63 to 8.08)

0.847

Con(6)

51.90 ± 3.14

55.63 ± 6.16

0.103

−2.91; (−9.02 to 3.21)

0.352

  Int(9)

45.18 ± 14.55

49.00 ± 10.52

0.107

Int(7)

48.86 ± 9.31

49.69 ± 13.22

0.696

 Shoulder range β4

  Con(6)

92.08 ± 17.91

86.55 ± 11.96

0.151

0.962

3.21; (−6.55 to 12.97)

0.519

Con(6)

86.55 ± 11.96

87.77 ± 13.56

0.730

−2.06; (−11.47 to 7.35)

0.668

  Int(9)

92.64 ± 25.78

90.32 ± 26.22

0.461

Int(7)

86.24 ± 26.01

85.40 ± 23.43

0.796

 Thoracic distal curvature range βdc

  Con(6)

47.83 ± 12.60

48.40 ± 6.16

0.920

0.518

6.50; (−7.70 to 20.70)

0.370

Con(6)

48.40 ± 6.16

43.42 ± 8.16

0.102

4.44; (−3.70 to 12.58)

0.285

  Int(9)

43.72 ± 11.78

50.79 ± 14.59

0.123

Int(7)

50.99 ± 16.75

50.44 ± 17.53

0.847

 Thoracic proximal curvature range βpc

  Con(6)

29.62 ± 14.55

31.65 ± 9.83

0.663

0.898

−5.52; (−17.34 to 6.30)

0.360

Con(6)

31.65 ± 9.83

34.35 ± 13.48

0.408

−0.54; (−9.26 to 8.18)

0.903

  Int(9)

30.66 ± 20.07

27.17 ± 13.23

0.360

Int(7)

26.20 ± 11.47

28.36 ± 10.77

0.475

 Full lateral trunk inclination range βlti

  Con(6)

60.12 ± 13.61

52.70 ± 7.60

0.024

0.505

−0.87; (−9.19 to 7.45)

0.837

Con(6)

52.70 ± 7.60

55.22 ± 10.16

0.406

−2.87; (−10.97 to 5.22)

0.486

  Int(9)

65.07 ± 16.45

56.78 ± 14.88

0.002

Int(7)

55.47 ± 15.58

55.11 ± 12.13

0.899

FLEXION EXTENSION/ROTATION

 Angle of thoracic kyphosis at rest αkrest

  Con (6)

23.47 ± 8.68

25.80 ± 5.72

0.160

0.053

−3.88; (−8.08 to 0.32)

0.070

Con(6)

25.80 ± 5.72

21.57 ± 9.18

0.039

2.48; (−3.01 to 7.96)

0.376

  Int (9)

31.60 ± 10.45

30.06 ± 7.86

0.254

Int(7)

30.69 ± 8.68

28.93 ± 10.85

0.355

 Thoracic range α3

  Con (6)

58.58 ± 10.03

58.63 ± 10.06

0.995

0.053

5.34; (−15.22 to 25.90)

0.611

Con(6)

58.63 ± 10.06

57.52 ± 14.28

0.873

3.95; (−14.73 to 22.62)

0.679

  Int(9)

43.40 ± 16.90

48.79 ± 17.12

0.417

Int(7)

54.57 ± 14.38

57.40 ± 13.00

0.662

 Full trunk flexion/extension range αfti

 

  Con(6)

163.78 ± 20.43

175.02 ± 1.88

0.016a

.098a

7.48; (−31.00 to 45.95)

0.684a

Con(6)

175.02 ± 1.88

166.88 ± 19.33

0.168

7.08; (−8.66 to 22.82)

0.378

  Int(9)

135.93 ± 38.86

154.64 ± 30.64

0.125a

Int(7)

151.56 ± 34.21

150.50 ± 39.95

0.846

 Thoracic spinal rotation range Tr

  Con(6)

84.23 ± 28.98

87.00 ± 20.01

0.764

0.171

8.28; (−15.05 to 31.60)

0.487

Con(6)

87.00 ± 20.01

93.62 ± 22.60

0.141

−7.79; (−19.79 to 4.21)

0.203

  Int(9)

66.22 ± 28.33

77.27 ± 21.07

0.142

Int(7)

77.06 ± 13.80

75.88 ± 16.14

0.778

  1. Baseline(b) = 0
  2. ∆ = change, Gp Group, M ± SD Mean ± Standard Deviation, MD Mean Difference, CI Confidence Interval, n number, Con control group, Int intervention group
  3. a non-parametric analysis