Optimization of extraction parameters of PTP1β (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1β), inhibitory polyphenols, and anthocyanins from Zea mays L. using response surface methodology (RSM)

Table 5 Predicted levels of extraction condition for the maximum response of extraction conditions by the ridge analysis in Zea mays L.

Response variables	Optimum extraction conditions^a				Maximum	Morphology
Response variables	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	Maximum	Morphology
Total polyphenol content (mg GAE/g)	29.02	8.99	33.67	10.25	7.89	Saddle point
Total anthocyanin content (mg C3GE/100 g)	45.22	7.85	34.14	22.97	82.44	Saddle point
Extraction yield (%)	58.87	7.53	32.31	17.65	10.33	Saddle point

^aX₁, extraction temperature (°C); X_2, extraction time (hour); X_3, solid-liquid ratio (%); X₄, solvent volume (1:X)

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