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Fig. 4 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Fig. 4

From: Grape compounds suppress colon cancer stem cells in vitro and in a rodent model of colon carcinogenesis

Fig. 4

ad, RSV – GSE suppressed levels of proteins involved in Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colon CSCs with functioning p53. Nuclear β-catenin (a) and its regulator phosphorylated GSK3β (b) levels were suppressed by RSV-GSE similar to that of sulindac. Downstream targets of Wnt/β-catenin pathway – c-Myc (c) and Cyclin D1 (d), in the nucleus were suppressed by RSV-GSE compared to sulindac. E-G, RSV-GSE induced apoptosis via p53 dependent pathway in colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) with functioning p53. Nuclear p53 levels were elevated (e) by RSV-GSE but not sulindac. Cleaved PARP (f) and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (g) were also elevated by RSV-GSE but not sulindac. Colon CSCs were treated with RSV-GSE at 9 μM and 12.5 μg/mL, or sulindac at 12.5 μg/mL for 24 h, and cytosolic and nuclear cell lysates were analyzed for respective proteins by western blotting. Actin and topoisomerase-2β (Topo II b) were used as loading controls for cytosolic and nuclear proteins respectively. Values are in means ± S.E. Means that differ by a common letter (a, b, c, or x, y, z) differ at p < 0.05

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