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Table 3 Within group comparison of different outcome variables

From: Using auriculotherapy for osteoarthritic knee among elders: a double-blinded randomised feasibility study

 

Baseline

Post-intervention

p-value (within group comparison to the baseline)a

Group 1 (n = 11)

   

 Numerical rating scale

6.64 (1.69)

5.27 (1.79)

0.017*

 Timed-up and-go test

18.14 (3.98)

15.39 (4.66)

0.013*

 Knee flexion (active)

118.18 (13.36)

130.82 (10.20)

0.005**

 Knee flexion (passive)

125.27 (11.43)

135.73 (10.26)

0.004**

 Knee extension (active)

−4.73 (5.00)

−3.00 (2.93)

0.107

 Knee extension (passive)

−1.82 (4.24)

0.09 (2.88)

0.027*

Group 2 (n-10)

   

 Numerical rating scale

7.00 (1.63)

4.60 (1.897)

0.008**

 Timed-up and-go test

16.31 (3.42)

15.14 (5.20)

0.241

 Knee flexion (active)

109.70 (13.43)

123.30 (8.42)

0.032*

 Knee flexion (passive)

120.50 (9.58)

129.40 (6.08)

0.007**

 Knee extension (active)

−4.50 (3.03)

−3.10 (2.51)

0.121

 Knee extension (passive)

−1.80 (4.02)

0.20 (3.19)

0.152

Group 3 (n = 13)

   

 Numerical rating scale

6.69 (1.80)

4.15 (2.12)

0.005**

 Timed-up and-go test

20.16 (5.67)

14.99 (4.66)

0.005**

 Knee flexion (active)

113.38 (17.54)

125.23 (13.24)

0.002**

 Knee flexion (passive)

119.38 (14.06)

128.77 (11.75)

0.002**

 Knee extension (active)

−4.38 (4.33)

−2.77 (3.22)

0.182

 Knee extension (passive)

−2.00 (5.87)

0.08 (3.12)

0.153

Group 4 (n = 9)

   

 Numerical rating scale

5.86 (1.22)

5.14 (2.55)

0.343

 Timed-up and-go test

17.64 (6.85)

16.04 (7.96)

0.176

 Knee flexion (active)

122.43 (15.79)

126.86 (14.92)

0.176

 Knee flexion (passive)

127.00 (7.62)

132.71 (14.59)

0.225

 Knee extension (active)

−5.00 (3.74)

−2.86 (3.44)

0.058

 Knee extension (passive)

−1.00 (3.42)

−0.57 (4.54)

0.605

  1. Group 1 = Placebo LAT & MAT; Group 2 = LAT & placebo MAT; Group 3 = LAT plus MAT; Group 4 = Placebo LAT & Placebo MAT
  2. *Statistically significance p < 0.05
  3. **Highly statistically significant p < 0.001
  4. aWithin group comparisons were made using Wilcoxon Signed ranks test