Fig. 4

Induction of cytokines and the phosphorylation of signal molecules present in the type I IFN pathway by Cortex Phellodendri in vitro. a RAW264.7 and b HEK293T cells were treated with media alone, with 1000 unit/ml rmIFN-β or rhIFN-β, or with 1.0 μg/ml CP. IFN-β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12 were measured by ELISA at 0, 12 and 24 hpt. The tests were performed in triplicate. The data shows representative means ± SD. (*P < 0.05 indicates a significant difference between groups). c Cells treated with LPS or CP were harvested at 0, 8, 12, and 24 hpt and subjected to standard immunoblot analysis for type I IFN-related or NF-kB related protein phosphorylation. d Detection of contaminated endotoxin in CP by Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay. (EU; endotoxin unit)