Resistin mediates tomato and broccoli extract effects on glucose homeostasis in high fat diet-induced obesity in rats

Table 1 Effect of tomato and broccoli extract on serum insulin, glucose, on calculated HOMA- IR and R-QUICKI in HFD induced obesity in rats

Groups	Serum insulin (uIU/ml)	Serum glucose (mg/dl)	HOMA-IR	R-QUICKI
Control	2.52 ± 0.28	67.8 ± 3.23	0.43 ± 0.06	0.455 ± 0.01
HFD	44.1 ± 2.14*	169 ± 1.38*	18.5 ± 0.96*	0.25 ± 0.004*
SD	30.9 ± 1.28^,*	156 ± 1.86^,*	11.9 ± 0.41^,*	0.27 ± 0.004^,*
T 200	12.1 ± 0.75^,^,**	138 ± 3.82^,^,**	4.15 ± 0.34^,^,**	0.31 ± 0.008^,^,**
T 400	6.72 ± 0.36^,^,**	99.3 ± 4.0^,^,**	1.66 ± 0.15^,^,**	0.35 ± 0.01^,^,**
B 200	19 ± 0.71^,^,**	136 ± 3.0^,^,**	6.39 ± 0.22^,^,**	0.29 ± 0.004^,^,**
B 400	9.38 ± 0.47^,^,^,**	115 ± 2.96^,^,^,**	2.67 ± 0.18^,^,^,**	0.33 ± 0.008^,^,^,**
CX	9.48 ± 0.53^,^,^,**	108 ± 2.79^,^,**	2.54 ± 0.2^,^,^,**	0.33 ± 0.01^,^,^,**

Tomato and broccoli extracts treatment at different doses significantly reduced serum levels of insulin and glucose in HFD rats. These extracts also significantly reduced HOMA-IR increased R- QUICKI. C = control; HFD = high fat diet; SD = stop diet; T 200 = tomato extract 200 mg/kg; T 400 = tomato 400 mg/kg; B 200 = broccoli 200 mg/kg; B 400 = broccoli 400 mg/kg; CX = Chromax. HOMA-IR = Homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance; R-QUICKI = revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. *Significant from control at P < 0.0001, **Significant from HFD at P < 0.0001, ***Significant from SD at P < 0.0001, ****Significant from T 400 at P < 0.005. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test

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Groups	Serum insulin (uIU/ml)	Serum glucose (mg/dl)	HOMA-IR	R-QUICKI
Control	2.52 ± 0.28	67.8 ± 3.23	0.43 ± 0.06	0.455 ± 0.01
HFD	44.1 ± 2.14*	169 ± 1.38*	18.5 ± 0.96*	0.25 ± 0.004*
SD	30.9 ± 1.28^,*	156 ± 1.86^,*	11.9 ± 0.41^,*	0.27 ± 0.004^,*
T 200	12.1 ± 0.75^,^,**	138 ± 3.82^,^,**	4.15 ± 0.34^,^,**	0.31 ± 0.008^,^,**
T 400	6.72 ± 0.36^,^,**	99.3 ± 4.0^,^,**	1.66 ± 0.15^,^,**	0.35 ± 0.01^,^,**
B 200	19 ± 0.71^,^,**	136 ± 3.0^,^,**	6.39 ± 0.22^,^,**	0.29 ± 0.004^,^,**
B 400	9.38 ± 0.47^,^,^,**	115 ± 2.96^,^,^,**	2.67 ± 0.18^,^,^,**	0.33 ± 0.008^,^,^,**
CX	9.48 ± 0.53^,^,^,**	108 ± 2.79^,^,**	2.54 ± 0.2^,^,^,**	0.33 ± 0.01^,^,^,**