Skip to main content

Table 2 Visceral adiposity index, abdominal fat, and plasma inflammatory markers in CS, CRP, HCHF and HRP diet-fed rats

From: Red pitaya juice supplementation ameliorates energy balance homeostasis by modulating obesity-related genes in high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome rats

Variable

CS

CRP

HCHF

HRP

P-value

Diet

Treatment

Interaction

Visceral adiposity index (%)

3.5 ± 0.3bc

4.6 ± 0.5b

6.6 ± 0.6a

7.0 ± 0.5a

<0.0001

0.05

0.16

Abdominal fat, mg/mm tibial length

       

Retroperitoneal (n = 7–8)

118.9 ± 12.9c

181.7 ± 15.2b

303.7 ± 26.6a

357.7 ± 32.6a

<0.0001

0.0217

0.0341

Omental (n = 7–8)

102.5 ± 7.3cd

142.4 ± 12.3cd

173.9 ± 44.0bc

260.3 ± 27.6a

<0.0001

0.0141

0.27

Epididymal (n = 7–8)

64.4 ± 7.0cd

101.3 ± 11.4bd

112.1 ± 34.6bc

191.0 ± 13.9a

<0.0001

0.0012

0.3

Plasma inflammatory markers

       

IL-6 (pg/mL) (n = 7–8)

3.40 ± 0.48a

3.63 ± 0.27a

1.82 ± 0.19b

3.91 ± 0.56a

0.0004

0.0112

<0.0001

TNF-alpha (pg/mL) (n = 7–8)

1.08 ± 0.34b

1.20 ± 0.16b

1.13 ± 0.20b

1.83 ± 0.39a

0.0448

0.13

0.7465

CRP, mg/L (n = 5–8)

0.26 ± 0.04b

0.21 ± 0.004b

0.34 ± 0.07a

0.13 ± 0.02b

0.006

<0.0001

0.6422

  1. Each value is a mean ± S.E.M. Number of repetitive experiments indicated within parenthesis. Means within a row with unlike superscripts letters a, b, c, d differ significantly (p < 0.05). CS, corn starch diet; CRP, corn starch + red pitaya juice; HCHF, high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet; HRP, high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet + red pitaya juice