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Table 1 Mean (SE) of normalized RMS values during “Thrust phase” and post-thrust time intervals (“Post-SMT 1 to 4”)

From: Neuromechanical response to spinal manipulation therapy: effects of a constant rate of force application

EMG

Time to peak force/peak force

Thrust phase

Post-SMT 1

Post-SMT 2

Post-SMT 3

Post-SMT 4

T8 Left

57 ms/150 N

2.83 (0.30)

2.60 (0.34)

1.22 (0.15)

0.89 (0.10)

0.73 (0.08)

80 ms/200 N

4.12 (0.50)

2.54 (0.33)

1.13 (0.17)

0.85 (0.12)

0.70 (0.11)

102 ms/250 N

4.03 (0.52)

2.58 (0.36)

1.18 (0.15)

0.86 (0.11)

0.74 (0.11)

125 ms/300 N

4.80 (0.88)

2.24 (0.26)

1.14 (0.18)

1.02 (0.20)

1.03 (0.24)

F(3,72)

F = 3.23, p = .03a

F = 0.79, p = .50

F = 0.17, p = .92

F = 0.76, p = .52

F = 2.13, p = .10

T8 Right

57 ms/150 N

3.51 (0.84)

2.64 (0.26)

1.38 (0.15)

1.05 (0.11)

0.88 (0.09)

80 ms/200 N

3.46 (0.41)

2.36 (0.27)

1.20 (0.16)

0.91 (0.09)

0.75 (0.08)

102 ms/250 N

3.57 (0.55)

2.38 (0.23)

1.15 (0.15)

0.92 (0.09)

0.82 (0.09)

125 ms/300 N

3.79 (0.49)

2.20 (0.21)

1.25 (0.18)

0.96 (0.13)

0.88 (0.14)

F(3,72)

F = 0.13, p = .94

F = 1.41, p = .25

F = 0.64, p = .52

F = 0.66, p = .58

F = 0.67, p = .57

T6 Left

57 ms/150 N

3.72 (0.68)

3.03 (0.45)

1.14 (0.11)

1.02 (0.21)

0.74 (0.08)

80 ms/200 N

4.75 (0.76)

2.69 (0.43)

1.12 (0.13)

0.83 (0.09)

0.64 (0.08)

102 ms/250 N

4.92 (0.91)

2.56 (0.44)

0.91 (0.08)

0.75 (0.07)

0.64 (0.07)

125 ms/300 N

4.17 (0.53)

2.35 (0.27)

0.94 (0.14)

0.85 (0.16)

0.87 (0.21)

F(3,72)

F = 2.94, p = .04a

F = 0.45, p = .72

F = 2.26, p = .09

F = 0.72, p = .54

F = 1.21, p = .31

T6 Right

57 ms/150 N

3.03 (0.35)

2.76 (0.27)

1.23 (0.12)

0.91 (0.09)

0.74 (0.08)

80 ms/200 N

3.13 (0.33)

2.43 (0.29)

1.10 (0.11)

0.89 (0.10)

0.77 (0.09)

102 ms/250 N

3.40 (0.40)

2.43 (0.36)

1.26 (0.24)

0.92 (0.14)

0.85 (0.15)

125 ms/300 N

3.87 (0.64)

2.67 (0.36)

1.22 (0.23)

0.93 (0.12)

0.87 (0.12)

F(3,72)

F = 0.92, p = .43

F = 0.45, p = .72

F = 0.22, p = .88

F = 0.04, p = .99

F = 1.21, p = .61

  1. aStatistically significant