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Table 5 MIC of antibiotics after the association of the extract of Newbouldia laevis and Polysicas fulva at MIC/2 and MIC/5 against selected MDR bacteria

From: In vitro antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiation activities of the methanol extracts from Beilschmiedia acuta, Clausena anisata, Newbouldia laevis and Polyscias fulva against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria

Antibioticsa

Extract and concentration

Bacterial strainsb, MIC (μg/mL) of antibiotics in the absence and presence of the extract and FIC in parenthesis

PBSS (%)

  

AG102

AG100ATET

EA27

CM64

KP55

NAE16

BM67

PA01

PA124

 
 

Newbouldia laevis

          

CIP

0

4

64

4

64

4

128

32

16

32

 
 

MIC/2

4 (1)I

64 (1)I

2 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

4 (1)I

128 (1)I

16 (0.50)S

16 (1)I

32(1)I

3/9 (27.27 %)

 

MIC/5

4 (1)I

64 (1)I

2 (0.50)S

64 (1)I

4 (1)I

128 (1)I

32 (1)I

16 (1)I

32(1)I

1/9 (11.11 %)

TET

0

8

64

64

32

2

64

32

64

16

 
 

MIC/2

4 (0.50)S

16 (0.25)S

32 (0.50)S

4 (0.13)S

2 (1)I

32 (0.50)S

16 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

8(0.50)S

8/9 (88.89 %)

 

MIC/5

8 (1)I

32 (0.50)S

64 (1)I

8 (0.25)S

0.50 (0.25)S

64 (1)I

32 (1)I

64 (1)I

8(0.50)S

4/9 (36.36 %)

KAN

0

-

16

128

4

16

16

64

4

128

 
 

MIC/2

4 (Ë‚0.03)S

8 (0.50)S

64 (0.50)S

2 (0.50)S

16 (1)I

8 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

2 (0.50)S

32(0.25)S

8/9 (88.89 %)

 

MIC/5

64 (Ë‚0.50)S

16 (1)I

128 (1)I

4 (1)I

1 (0.06)S

8 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

4 (1)I

64(0.50)S

5/9 (55.55 %)

AMP

0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 
 

MIC/2

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

256 (Ë‚1)S

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

256 (Ë‚1)S

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(>1)

2/9 (22.22 %)

 

MIC/5

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

256 (Ë‚1)S

- (≥1)

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(>1)

1/9 (11.11 %)

CHL

0

32

64

64

-

8

64

128

16

128

 
 

MIC/2

16 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

64 (1)I

64 (Ë‚0.25)S

4 (0.50)S

16 (0.25)S

32 (0.25)S

4 (0.25)S

128(1)I

7/9 (77.78 %)

 

MIC/5

32 (1)I

64 (1)I

64 (1)I

128 (Ë‚0.50)S

1 (0.13)S

32 (0.50)S

64 (0.50)S

16 (1)I

128(1)I

4/9 (36.36 %)

 

Polyscias fulva

          

CIP

0

4

64

4

64

4

128

32

16

32

 
 

MIC/2

4 (1)I

64 (1)I

2 (0.50)S

64 (1)I

4 (1)I

128 (1)I

2 (0.06)S

8 (0.50)S

32(1)I

3/9 (27.27 %)

 

MIC/5

4 (1)I

64 (1)I

2 (0.50)S

64 (1)I

4 (1)I

128 (1)I

4 (0.13)S

16 (1)I

32(1)I

2/9 (22.22 %)

TET

0

8

64

64

32

2

64

32

64

16

 
 

MIC/2

2 (0.25)S

32 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

4 (0.13)S

<0.50 (<0.25)S

32 (0.50)S

8 (0.25)S

2 (0.03)S

8(0.50)S

9/9 (100 %)

 

MIC/5

4 (0.50)S

64 (1)I

32 (0.50)S

16 (0.50)S

2 (1)I

32 (0.50)S

32 (1)I

32 (0.50)S

8(0.50)S

6/9 (66.67 %)

KAN

0

-

16

128

4

16

16

64

4

128

 
 

MIC/2

8(Ë‚0.06)S

8 (0.50)S

64 (0.50)S

2 (0.50)S

2 (0.13)S

8 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

<1 (<0.25)S

64(0.50)S

9/9 (100 %)

 

MIC/5

64 (Ë‚0.50)S

16 (1)I

128 (1)I

4 (1)I

16 (1)I

8 (0.50)S

32 (0.50)S

4 (1)I

64(0.50)S

4/9 (36.36 %)

AMP

0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 
 

MIC/2

128 (Ë‚0.50)S

-(≥1)

256 (Ë‚1)S

-(≥1)

256 (Ë‚1)S

256 (Ë‚1)S

-(≥1)

256 (Ë‚1)S

-(>1)

5/9 (55.55 %)

 

MIC/5

256 (Ë‚1)S

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(˃1)

-(≥1)

-(≥1)

-(>1)

1/9 (11.11 %)

CHL

0

32

64

64

-

8

64

128

16

128

 
 

MIC/2

16 (0.50)S

64 (1)I

64 (1)I

128 (Ë‚0.50)S

4 (0.50)S

8 (0.13)S

64 (0.50)S

2 (0.13)S

64(0.50)S

7/9 (77.78 %)

 

MIC/5

32 (1)I

64 (1)I

64 (1)I

256 (Ë‚1)S

4 (0.50)S

16 (0.25)S

64 (0.50)S

16 (1)I

64(0.50)S

5/9 (55.55 %)

  1. aAntibotics [TET tetracycline, CIP ciprofloxacin, KAN kanamycin, CHL chloramphenicol, AMP ampicillin]. bBacterial strains: Escherichia coli [AG102, AG100Atet], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [PA01, PA124], Enterobacter aerogenes [CM64, EA27], Enterobacter cloacae [BM67], Klebsiella pneumoniae [KP55], Providencia stuartii [NAE16]. cPBSS percentage of bacteria strain on which synergism has been observed, NA not applicable
  2. (): fold increase in MIC values of the antibiotics after association with plants extract, S synergy, I indifference, na not applicable, FIC fractional inhibitory concentration, (−): >256 μg/mL, 0: no extract (only antibiotic tested)