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Table 1 Effects of GPS on the levels of dopamine, serotonin and corticosterone

From: Ameliorating effects of gypenosides on chronic stress-induced anxiety disorders in mice

  1. Mice (ICR, male, 20–25 g) were orally treated with GPS (30–400 mg/kg), GP-WX (50 mg/kg), GP-EX (50 mg/kg, positive control) or saline (0.9 %) once a day for 10 days. Mice were also exposed to EF stimuli (intensity, 0.6 mA, 1 s every 5 s, periods, 3 min) for chronic stress for 10 days (chronic EF-stressed group, Stress). The brains were removed, and the levels of dopamine and serotonin in brain were determined by an HPLC method. The blood samples were collected on the last day of the behavioral tests, and the levels of corticosterone in serum were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. GPS (100 mg/kg) was shown as a representative of the un-stressed groups. The results are expressed as means ± S.E.M. for 8–10 animals per group. *p < 0.05 compared with control group; #p < 0.05 compared with chronic EF-stressed group (Stress) (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test). §p < 0.05 compared with between the un-stressed groups and stressed groups (two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test)