Fig. 3From: Gastroprotective and ulcer healing effects of piptadeniastrum Africanum on experimentally induced gastric ulcers in ratsMacroscopic and histological study of acetic acid-induced gastric damage in rats. aā & a: stomach and histological section of a normal control rat: no injuries to the gastric mucosa are seen and the gastric wall is normal. b & bā: stomach and histological section of a ulcer control rat: there is severe destruction of the surface epithelium and necrotic lesions penetrating deeply into mucosa and sub mucosa layer. c & cā: stomach and histological section of rat treated with Maalox (50 mg/kg): the gastric wall appears normally, but there is edema of mucosa and sub mucosa layer. d & dā: stomach and histological section of rat treated ranitidine (50 mg/kg): the gastric wall appears normally with all layers. e & eā: stomach and histological section of rat treated with 125 mg/kg of aqueous extract: there is mild disruption to the sub mucosal layer. fā & f: stomach and histological section of rat treated with 250 mg/kg aqueous extract: there is moderate disruption to the surface epithelium. g & gā: stomach and histological section of rat treated with 500 mg/kg of aqueous extract: there is mild disruption to sub mucosal layer and edema of the muscle. h & hā: stomach and histological section of rat treated with 125 mg/kg of methanol extract: there is mild disruption to the epithelium surface and the sub mucosal layer and edema of the serosal layer. i & iā: stomach and histological section of rat treated with 250 mg/kg of methanol extract: there is mild disruption to the epithelium surface and edema of submucosal layer and serosal layer. j & jā: stomach and histological section of rat treated with 500 mg/kg of methanol extract: there is moderate disruption to the epithelium surface although the gastric wall appears normallyBack to article page