|
Treatment (Drug/Aqueous Extract)
|
Dose (mg/kg)
|
Increase in paw volumes [PV] (mL) and edema inhibition [EI] (%) over time (minutes) \( \left(\overline{\mathrm{x}}\pm \mathrm{S}\mathrm{D},\kern0.5em \mathrm{n}=5\right) \)
|
|---|
| | |
0
|
60
| |
120
| |
180
| |
240
| |
|---|
| | | |
PV
|
EI
|
PV
|
EI
|
PV
|
EI
|
PV
|
EI
|
|---|
|
Normal Saline
|
-
|
0
|
1.18 ± 0.08
|
0.0
|
1.28 ± 0.14
|
0.0
|
1.46 ± 0.13
|
0.0
|
1.56 ± 0.09
|
0.0
|
|
Indomethacin
|
10
|
0
|
1.17 ± 0.04
|
1.3
|
1.08 ± 0.03*
|
15.3
|
1.00 ± 0.10**
|
31.5
|
0.88 ± 0.03**
|
43.7
|
|
Mangifera indica bark
|
100
|
0
|
1.07 ± 0.11
|
9.7
|
1.13 ± 0.09*
|
11.4
|
1.19 ± 0.03*
|
18.8
|
1.12 ± 0.01**
|
28.3
|
|
200
|
0
|
1.15 ± 0.12
|
3.0
|
1.21 ± 0.02
|
5.5
|
1.32 ± 0.06*
|
9.9
|
1.24 ± 0.10*
|
20.6
|
|
400
|
0
|
1.18 ± 0.05
|
0.4
|
1.27 ± 0.04
|
0.8
|
1.36 ± 0.03
|
6.8
|
1.26 ± 0.06*
|
19.0
|
|
Mangifera indica leaf
|
100
|
0
|
1.04 ± 0.13
|
11.9
|
1.01 ± 0.08*
|
20.8
|
0.92 ± 0.08**
|
37.3
|
0.93 ± 0.06**
|
40.2
|
|
200
|
0
|
1.05 ± 0.03
|
11.4
|
1.11 ± 0.08*
|
13.3
|
0.91 ± 0.14**
|
37.7
|
0.95 ± 0.11**
|
39.2
|
|
400
|
0
|
1.05 ± 0.03
|
11.4
|
0.93 ± 0.03*
|
27.5
|
0.89 ± 0.06**
|
39.4
|
0.88 ± 0.08**
|
43.4
|
|
Psidium guajava leaf
|
100
|
0
|
1.04 ± 0.04
|
11.9
|
1.12 ± 0.10*
|
12.5
|
1.12 ± 0.06*
|
23.6
|
1.21 ± 0.04*
|
22.2
|
|
200
|
0
|
1.04 ± 0.07
|
11.9
|
1.14 ± 0.11*
|
11.0
|
1.13 ± 0.13*
|
22.6
|
1.23 ± 0.13*
|
21.2
|
|
400
|
0
|
1.08 ± 0.07
|
8.5
|
1.17 ± 0.10*
|
8.2
|
1.27 ± 0.15*
|
13.0
|
1.28 ± 0.05*
|
17.7
|
|
Carica papaya leaf
|
100
|
0
|
0.97 ± 0.03
|
17.8
|
1.04 ± 0.10*
|
18.4
|
1.15 ± 0.09**
|
21.2
|
1.10 ± 0.03**
|
29.3
|
|
200
|
0
|
1.10 ± 0.09
|
6.8
|
1.12 ± 0.17*
|
12.5
|
1.17 ± 0.13**
|
19.9
|
1.11 ± 0.05**
|
28.9
|
|
400
|
0
|
1.11 ± 0.07
|
6.4
|
1.19 ± 0.05
|
6.7
|
1.36 ± 0.11
|
7.2
|
1.32 ± 0.09*
|
15.1
|
|
Cymbopogon citratus leaf
|
100
|
0
|
1.08 ± 0.12
|
8.9
|
1.16 ± 0.04*
|
9.4
|
1.24 ± 0.11*
|
15.1
|
1.27 ± 0.03*
|
18.3
|
|
200
|
0
|
1.12 ± 0.04
|
5.1
|
1.17 ± 0.08*
|
8.2
|
1.20 ± 0.02*
|
18.2
|
1.34 ± 0.04*
|
13.8
|
|
400
|
0
|
1.15 ± 0.04
|
3.0
|
1.24 ± 0.01
|
3.1
|
1.42 ± 0.06
|
3.1
|
1.48 ± 0.09
|
5.1
|
|
Citrus sinensis leaf
|
100
|
0
|
1.15 ± 0.12
|
2.5
|
1.22 ± 0.03
|
4.7
|
1.24 ± 0.05*
|
15.1
|
1.27 ± 0.13*
|
18.6
|
|
200
|
0
|
1.17 ± 0.03
|
1.3
|
1.19 ± 0.04
|
7.1
|
1.35 ± 0.20
|
7.5
|
1.46 ± 0.16
|
6.4
|
|
400
|
0
|
1.17 ± 0.04
|
0.8
|
1.20 ± 0.03
|
6.3
|
1.45 ± 0.04
|
1.0
|
1.56 ± 0.13
|
0.0
|
|
Ocimum gratissimum leaf
|
100
|
0
|
1.06 ± 0.05
|
10.6
|
1.14 ± 0.07*
|
10.6
|
1.23 ± 0.04*
|
16.1
|
1.22 ± 0.05*
|
21.5
|
| |
200
|
0
|
1.07 ± 0.06
|
9.3
|
1.16 ± 0.08*
|
9.4
|
1.23 ± 0.04*
|
16.1
|
1.24 ± 0.02*
|
20.3
|
| |
400
|
0
|
1.17 ± 0.03
|
1.3
|
1.26 ± 0.04
|
1.2
|
1.31 ± 0.12
|
10.3
|
1.33 ± 0.08
|
14.5
|
- Significant difference: compared to control; (*)-p < 0.05, (**)-p < 0.01
