Auricular acupuncture with seed or pellet attachments for primary insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lan, Ying; Wu, Xi; Tan, Hui-Juan; Wu, Nan; Xing, Jing-Jing; Wu, Fu-Sheng; Zhang, Lei-Xiao; Liang, Fan-Rong

doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0606-7

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 2 Grade evidence profile of auricular acupuncture vs sham or placebo method comparison

From: Auricular acupuncture with seed or pellet attachments for primary insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

No. of studies	Design	Quality assessment					No. of patients			Effect	Quality	Importance
No. of studies	Design	Risk of bias	Inconsistency	Indirectness	Imprecision	Other	Treatment	Control	Relative (95% CI)	Absolute		Importance
Effective Rate (Measured with: CCDM-3 )
1	RCT	no serious limitation	serious²	no serious indirectness	serious⁴	none⁶	28/30 (93.3%)	20/30 (66.7%)	RR 1.40 (1.07 to 1.83)	267/1000 (47 ~ 553)	LOW	IMPORTANT
Total Sleep Duration minutes (Measured with: EEG, PSQI Sleep Diary, or wrist actigraphy; Better indicated by higher values)
4	RCT	serious¹	no serious inconsistency	no serious indirectness	serious⁵	none⁶	145	83	—	MD 56.46 (45.61 ~ 67.31)	LOW	CRITICAL
Sleep Efficiency % (Measured with: International Standard Sleep Efficiency; Better indicated by higher values)
4	RCT	serious¹	serious³	no serious indirectness	serious⁵	none⁶	145	183	—	MD 12.86 (9.67 ~ 16.06)	VERY LOW	CRITICAL
Global Score On Psqi points (Measured with: PSQI; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)
5	RCT	serious¹	no serious inconsistency	no serious indirectness	no serious imprecision	none⁶	337	325	—	MD -3.41 (-3.93 ~ -2.89)	MODERATE	IMPORTANT
Mean Number Of Awakennings No. (Measured with: EEG, PSQI Sleep Diary, or wrist actigraphy; Better indicated by lower values)
3	RCT	serious¹	serious³	no serious indirectness	serious⁵	none⁶	131	70	—	MD -3.27 (-6.30 ~ 0.25)	VERY LOW	IMPORTANT
Sleep Onset Latency minutes (Measured with: EEG, PSQI Sleep Diary, or wrist actigraphy; Better indicated by lower values)
3	RCT	serious¹	no serious inconsistency	no serious indirectness	serious⁵	none⁶	134	73	—	MD -10.35 (-14.37 ~ -6.33)	LOW	IMPORTANT

1. Methodological quality of included studies was not high.
2. With only one study involved, there were no heterogeneity assessment results for evaluation.
3. The pooled outcome revealed high heterogeneity.
4. The pooled (cumulative) sample size was lower than the optimal information size (OIS) and/or the total enrollment was less than 400 (continuous data).
5. The pooled (cumulative) sample size was lower than the optimal information size (OIS) and/or the total enrollment was less than 300 (dichotomous data).
6. The number of included studies is not enough to estimate publication bias temporarily.
Abbreviations:
95% CI: 95% Confidence Interval.
CCMD-3: Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders, 3^rd version;
MD: Mean Difference
EEG: Electroencephalogram.
PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
RR: Risk Radio.

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ISSN: 2662-7671

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