Antidiarrhoeal, antisecretory and antispasmodic activities of Matricaria chamomilla are mediated predominantly through K+-channels activation

Table 1 Antidiarrhoeal effect of the crude extract of Matricaria chamomilla (Mc.Cr) against castor oil (10 mL/kg)-induced diarrhoea in mice without and with pre-administration of 3 mg/kg glibenclamide (GB) or 5 mg/kg 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)

Group no.	Treatment	Dose (mg/kg)	Mean defecation/group	Mean no. of wet feces/group	Mean no. of dry feces/group	% Protection
1	Castor oil (10 mL/kg) + Saline	10	8.92 ± 1.24	7.81 ± 2.11	1.11 ± 0.21	12.4%
2	Castor oil + Cromakalim	10	6.67 ± 0.90^#	2.32 ± 0.40^###	4.35 ± 1.70^#	65.2%
3	Castor oil + Loperamide	10	4.70 ± 0.90^###	1.07 ± 0.30^###	3.63 ± 0.90^#	77.2%
4	Castor oil + Mc.Cr (p.o)	150	5.47 ± 1.37**	3.20 ± 0.50**	2.27 ± 0.58*	41.4%
5	Castor oil + Mc.Cr (p.o.)	300	4.20 ± 0.29***	1.61 ± 0.92***	2.59 ± 0.33*	61.7%
Effect of different treatments in the presence of GB or 4-AP
6	Castor oil + GB + Cromakalim	3 + 10	7.40 ± 0.95^$	5.50 ± 0.70^$$$	1.90 ± 0.85^$$	25.6%
7	Castor oil + 4-AP + Cromakalim	5 + 10	6.70 ± 0.50	2.80 ± 0.75	3.90 ± 0.35^$	58.2%
8	Castor oil + GB + Loperamide	3 + 10	4.90 ± 0.39	1.40 ± 0.50	3.50 ± 0.90	71.4%
9	Castor oil + 4-AP + Loperamide	5 + 10	5 ± 1.73	1.31 ± 0.90	3.69 ± 0.45	73.8%
10	Castor oil + GB + Mc.Cr	3 + 150	5.83 ± 0.50	3.84 ± 0.37^$	1.99 ± 0.36	34.1%
11	Castor oil + 4-AP + Mc.Cr	5 + 150	6.11 ± 0.49^$	4.73 ± 0.31^$$	1.38 ± 0.41^$	22.5%
12	Castor oil + GB + Mc.Cr	3 + 300	5.56 ± 0.50^$	3.06 ± 0.57^$$	2.50 ± 0.62	44.9%
13	Castor oil + 4-AP + Mc.Cr	5 + 300	5.80 ± 0.46^$$	4.07 ± 0.57^$$$	1.73 ± 0.70^$	29.8%

p.o. (per oral), Values shown are mean ± S.E.M. of 6 determinations.
^#p <0.05 and ^###p <0.001 show a comparison of group #2 and 3 with group #1.
*p <0.05, **p <0.01 and ***p <0.001show a comparison of group # 4 and 5 with group #1.
^$p <0.05, ^$$p <0.01 and ^$$$p <0.001 show a comparison of group # 6–13 with their respective treatments without GB or 4-AP (One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s test).

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