Figure 3

The aqueous extract from Immuplex ^® and Congaplex ^® alter cytokine release following activation. CEM (A) and Jurkat (B) cells were pre-treated the aqueous extract from Immuplex^® or Congaplex^® for one hour prior to treatment with PMA and PHA as described in Materials and Methods. Cells were harvested 24 hours after PMA/PHA treatment and media was assayed for cytokine concentrations using a multiplex bead assay. Data are representative of 3 independent experiments, using independent cell cultures, all of which produced similar results. Data represents the average of four replicates ± standard deviation. Data is presented as the percentage of cytokine concentration in cells treated with PMA and PHA in the absence of Immuplex^® or Congaplex^® treatment (vehicle). * = significantly higher than vehicle treatment. † = significantly lower than vehicle treatment.