Figure 1

Ranunculus constantinopolitanus. Ranunculus constantinopolitanus (Arabic name: Hawdhan fa'ri) is an Eastern Mediterranean plant that grows in Aintab and extends from Hasbayya to Jazzin. Description: "Villous below, appressed-hairy above. Root-fibers descending directly from neck. Root-leaves triangular-ovate, ternate, with obovate, cut, and coarsely toothed lobes. Carpels large, ovate, striate, smooth, ending abruptly in a very short, hooked beak". Its flowering season falls between April and June [41]. The plant has been identified by Dr. Nada Sinno-Saoud, and a voucher specimen (voucher number: 72) was deposited at the Post Herbarium of the American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. Photos courtesy of Mr. Khaled Sleem (2004), Crop Production and Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.