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Figure 1 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Figure 1

From: Effect of needle puncture and electro-acupuncture on mucociliary clearance in anesthetized quails

Figure 1

The effect of needle puncture (NP) and electro-acupuncture (EA) on mucociliary transport velocity (MTV) in anesthetized quails. Values are expressed as percentages of the respective pre-application values for five animals. Each point and vertical bar represent the mean value and S.E. The electro-stimulator delivers square wave pulse of 0.3 ms pulse width, with constant current output in 2 mA. The frequency is set in 100 Hz. EA stimulation is set for 60 minutes, starting 15 minutes after MTV measurement. : Control, : NP to Zhongfu and Tiantu, □: EA to Zhongfu and Tiantu (EA1), : EA to Liangmen (EA2). *: P < 0.05, statistically significant difference from the control value (ANOVA).

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