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Table 3 Anaerob bacterial fecal flora and Candida log. numbers of characteristic bacteria at the three timepoints in the different groups. No statistically significant change between time points within and between groups.

From: Mediterranean diet or extended fasting's influence on changing the intestinal microflora, immunoglobulin A secretion and clinical outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia: an observational study

 

Baseline (n = 51)

Discharge (n = 47)

3 Months-FU (n = 43)

 

Mean ± SD

Median (IQR)

Mean ± SD

Median (IQR)

Mean ± SD

Median (IQR)

Clostridia

      

   Fasting, RA

5.8 ± 0.4

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

5.7 ± 0.1

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

5.8 ± 0.3

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

   Fasting, FM

5.8 ± 0.2

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

5.8 ± 0.2

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

5.7 ± 0.1

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

   MD, RA

5.7 ± 0.1

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

5.7 ± 0.2

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

5.9 ± 0.3

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

   MD, FM

6.0 ± 0.6

5.8 (5.6–5.9)

5.8 ± 0.1

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

5.8 ± 0.2

5.7 (5.7-5.7)

Bidifidobacteria

      

   Fasting, RA

7.7 ± 1.2

8.0 (7.0–8.5)

7.2 ± 1.1

7.5 (6.6–8.0)

7.7 ± 0.9

7.9 (7.5–8.0)

   Fasting, FM

7.6 ± 1.2

7.7 (7.0–9.0)

7.6 ± 1.0

7.5 (7.0–8.2)

8.0 ± 0.9

8.0 (7.4–8.5)

   MD, RA

7.5 ± 1.2

8.0 (6.3–8.5)

8.1 ± 0.9

8.2 (7.3–9.0)

7.9 ± 0.9

7.9 (7.3–8.0)

   MD, FM

7.5 ± 1.0

7.5 (7.0–8.0)

7.4 ± 1.2

7.4 (6.5–8.2)

7.6 ± 1.4

7.5 (7.0–9.0)

Candida

      

   Fasting, RA

2.2 ± 0.7

1.7 (1.7–2.6)

2.4 ± 0.9

2.0 (1.7–2.8)

2.4 ± 1.1

2.0 (1.7–2.6)

   Fasting, FM

2.4 ± 0.9

1.7 (1.7–3.0)

2.6 ± 1.1

2.0 (1.7–2.7)

2.6 ± 1.0

2.5 (1.7–2.5)

   MD, RA

2.4 ± 1.0

2.0 (1.7–3.0)

2.1 ± 0.4

1.7 (1.7–2.3)

2.2 ± 0.7

1.7 (1.7–2.6)

   MD, FM

2.6 ± 0.8

2.5 (2.0–3.3)

2.4 ± 1.1

1.7 (1.7–3.2)

2.8 ± 1.0

2.8 (2.0–3.3)

  1. FU, follow-up; IQR, interquartile range; MD, Mediterranean diet; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; FM, fibromyalgia.