1.0) was observed (P = 0.162). In a formal study (28 experiments), a similar trend was observed, with Qigong-treated samples showing on average more colony formation than sham samples (P = 0.036). In a replication study (60 experiments), no significant difference between Qigong-treated samples and sham samples was observed (P = 0.465). Conclusion We observed an apparent increase in the proliferation of cultured cells following external Qigong treatment by practitioners under strictly controlled conditions, but we did not observe this effect in a replication study. These results suggest the need for more controlled and thorough investigation of external Qigong before scientific validation is claimed."/>
Experiment | No. of Qigong Practitioners | No. of Exps. | Mean* CFE Ratio | St Dev* | t-statistic | 2-sided p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qigong/Sham | ||||||
Pilot study | 3 | 4 | 1.041 | 0.046 | 1.845 | 0.162 |
Formal study | 9 | 14 | 1.099 | 0.167 | 2.333 | 0.036 |
Replication | 8 | 30 | 1.070 | 0.534 | 0.740 | 0.465 |
Pooled data | 18 | 48 | 1.076 | 0.440 | 1.238 | 0.222 |
Sham/Sham | ||||||
Pilot study | 0 | 4 | 0.966 | 0.126 | -0.526 | 0.635 |
Formal study | 0 | 14 | 1.037 | 0.155 | 0.905 | 0.382 |
Replication | 0 | 30 | 0.955 | 0.489 | -0.491 | 0.627 |
Pooled data | 0 | 48 | 0.979 | 0.412 | -0.347 | 0.730 |