In vivo antimalarial activity of the crude leaf extract and solvent fractions of Croton macrostachyus Hocsht. (Euphorbiaceae) against Plasmodium berghei in mice

Table 3 Parasitaemia and survival of infected animals treated with crude extract and chloroform fraction of Croton macrostachys in the Rane’s test

Extract	Group	Day 3	Day 4	Day 5	Day 6	Day 7	% inhibition	Survival date
Crude extract	CON	9±0.15	16±0.13	14±0.23	31±0.61	36±1.1	-	6±0.31
	CM200	12±0.36	28±1.20	26±0.32	25±0.16	22±0.19	39^a3,b3,c3	7±0.31^b3,c3
	CM400	11±0.43	19±0.95	16±0.85	14±0.54	11±0.95	69^a3,c1	12±0.47^a3,b3,c3
	CM600	10±0.32	14±0.56	11±0.47	8±0.41	7±0.78	83^a3	16±0.42^a3,c3
	CQ25	11±0.22	5±0.09	2±0.56	0	0.00±0.00	100^a3	30±0^a3
Chloroform fraction	CON	21.8±0.58	26.6±0.90	33.1±0.81	40.7±0.67	54.6±1.34	-	7.2±0.31
	CF200	20.8±0.83	20.8±0.66	20.2±0.92	19.8±0.50	18.5±0.63	66.2^a3,c3	7.5±0.34^c3
	CF400	22.7±0.63	21.2±0.51	17.4±0.45	15.4±0.49	13.5±0.80	75.3^a3,c3,e2	10.3±0.76^a2,d3
	CF600	21.8±0.79	20.9±0.62	15.4±1.02	11.5±0.45	9.7±0.65	82.3^a3,c3,d1,e3	12.3±0.72^a3,c3,e3
	CQ25	20.8±0.85	15.6±1.02	5.5±0.28	1.5±0.29	0.00±0.0	100^a3	30.0±0.0^a3

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 6: a, compared to control; b, to 600 mg/kg; c, to CQ 25; d, to 400 mg/kg; e, to 200 mg/kg: ¹p<0.05, ²p<0.01, ³p<0.001; CF = Chloroform fraction, CQ = chloroquine, MF, methanol fraction, AF, aqueous fraction, CON = Control, CM, crude extract of Croton macrostachys. Numbers refer to dose in mg/kg.

ISSN: 2662-7671