Table 2 Effects of individual herbal extracts or Zyflamend® on mRNA expression of class I and II histone deacetylases and relative HDAC activity compared to controls

HDAC1

1.00 ± 0.04

0.42 ± 0.05*

0.76 ± 0.07

1.28 ± 0.07*

0.94 ± 0.04

0.92 ± 0.02

0.57 ± 0.05*

0.76 ± 0.01*

1.61 ± 0.02*

1.22 ± 0.13

0.95 ± 0.03

HDAC2

1.00 ± 0.01

0.34 ± 0.03*

0.79 ± 0.10

0.94 ± 0.15

0.67 ± 0.07*

0.70 ± 0.05

0.35 ± 0.04*

0.23 ± 0.02*

1.09 ± 0.04

0.87 ± 0.02*

0.52 ± 0.06*

HDAC3

1.00 ± 0.02

0.17 ± 0.02*

0.94 ± 0.05

0.99 ± 0.06

0.58 ± 0.17

1.09 ± 0.02

0.26 ± 0.01*

0.35 ± 0.03*

0.82 ± 0.09

0.69 ± 0.05*

0.91 ± 0.07

HDAC4

1.00 ± 0.10

0.13 ± 0.01*

1.80 ± 0.09*

1.84 ± 0.08*

1.56 ± 0.25

1.07 ± 0.05

0.59 ± 0.04*

0.47 ± 0.02*

1.52 ± 0.12*

1.35 ± 0.10

2.63 ± 0.11*

HDAC5

1.00 ± 0.06

0.63 ± 0.06*

1.21 ± 0.24

1.40 ± 0.25

1.34 ± 0.05*

1.18 ± 0.09

0.27 ± 0.35*

0.61 ± 0.02*

1.12 ± 0.13

1.16 ± 0.12

1.54 ± 0.14*

HDAC6

1.00 ± 0.03

0.20 ± 0.01*

0.70 ± 0.05*

0.81 ± 0.12

1.16 ± 0.10

1.02 ± 0.05

0.27 ± 0.01*

0.38 ± 0.02*

0.84 ± 0.03*

0.72 ± 0.13

1.22 ± 0.09

HDAC7

1.00 ± 0.16

0.39 ± 0.04*

1.18 ± 0.02

1.64 ± 0.04*

1.41 ± 0.01

1.10 ± 0.04

0.53 ± 0.09*

0.61 ± 0.03*

1.37 ± 0.09

1.47 ± 0.02*

1.78 ± 0.06*

Relative HDAC activity (n = 3), cellular location:

Cytosolic

Nuclear

Control

Zyflamend

Control

Zyflamend

1.00 ± 0.05

0.72 ± 0.08*

1.00 ± 0.08

0.75 ± 0.02*