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Table 3 Treatment effects on plasma and aortic lipids in the hamsters

From: Effects of fish oil and spirulina on oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic hamsters

 

Control

HF

Post FO

Post SP

Post SF

Pre-SF

HF + SF

TC, mmol/l

7.2 ± 1.3a

23.1 ± 6.7c

28.7 ± 3.0d

15.5 ± 1.4b

28.6 ± 4.8d

27.1 ± 7.4cd

48.1 ± 6.7e

TG, mmol/l

5.5 ± 1.6ab

6.6 ± 0.9ab

7.4 ± 1.2b

7.9 ± 2.7b

9.7 ± 2.0c

7.5 ± 2.2b

10.3 ± 2.7c

HDL-C, mmol/l

3.6 ± 1.1a

7.2 ± 3.1cd

3.6 ± 0.6a

7.5 ± 1.1d

4.3 ± 0.6ab

6.1 ± 1.5c

5.0 ± 1.1b

LDL-C, mmol/l

2.9 ± 1.8a

14.5 ± 5.9b

23.6 ± 3.0c

6.4 ± 1.2a

22.4 ± 4.5c

19.5 ± 7.3c

41.0 ± 6.4d

TC/HDL-C

2.1 ± 0.8a

5.1 ± 6.1bc

8.0 ± 1.6d

2.1 ± 0.3a

6.8 ± 1.3c

4.7 ± 1.8b

10.1 ± 2.6d

AIP, Log (TG/HDL-C)

0.16 ± 0.05b

0.43 ± 0.16d

0.30 ± 0.12c

0.12 ± 0.06a

0.28 ± 0.04c

0.14 ± 0.12b

0.31 ± 0.15c

Aortic TC, nmol/mg aorta

1.0 ± 0.5a

9.9 ± 20.9b

4.6 ± 4.2ab

2.0 ± 1.3a

1.3 ± 0.9a

2.0 ± 1.7a

2.1 ± 1.7a

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 12/group). Values in a row not sharing the same superscript letter are significantly different at p < 0.05. HF: high fat diet + cholesterol; post FO: fish oil diet after induction with HF diet; post SP: spirulina diet after induction with HF diet; Post SF: spirulina and fish oil diet after induction with HF diet; Pre-SF: pre-treatment with spirulina and fish oil diet before induction with HF diet; HF + SF: HF diet combined with spirulina and fish oil. TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; HDL-C: High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; AIP: atherogenic index of plasma.