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Table 1 Minimum inhibitory and cidal concentrations (μg/ml) of the extract, fractions and compounds from the leaves of P. pinnata against bacteria and fungi

From: Antimicrobial steroidal saponin and oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins from Paullinia pinnata

Microorganism

Extracta

Hf

Af

MRf

1

2

3

RD

Bacteria

         

S. aureus

MIC

390

97

195

48

50

/

/

0.781

 

MBC

390

390

390

97

/

/

/

3.125

P. aeruginosa

MIC

390

195

781

781

6.25

/

100

0.781

 

MBC

1562

781

1562

1562

50

/

100

1.562

K. pneumonia

MIC

195

390

97

781

12.5

/

50

6.25

 

MBC

390

1562

781

1562

100

/

100

6.25

E. coli

MIC

48

24

12

12

0.781

100

50

0.781

 

MBC

195

97

48

24

12.5

/

50

0.781

E. faecalis

MIC

195

390

390

1562

12.5

/

/

6.25

 

MBC

195

781

1562

1562

50

/

/

6.25

E. aeroginese

MIC

97

195

24

48.8

50

25

50

1.562

 

MBC

390

390

97

195

/

100

50

1.562

P. smartii

MIC

48

48

97

12

6.25

100

50

0.781

 

MBC

195

390

390

48

100

/

50

0.781

Yeasts

         

C. albicans

MIC

3125

1562

3125

/

/

/

/

3.125

 

MFC

12500

6250

6250

/

/

/

/

3.125

C. guiliermondii

MIC

3125

781

781

3125

/

/

/

6.25

 

MFC

12500

6250

6250

/

/

/

/

12.5

C. neoformans

MIC

1562

195

97

3125

/

/

/

1.562

 

MFC

6250

390

390

/

/

/

/

3.125

C. luciteniae

MIC

3125

195

195

3125

/

/

/

3.125

 

MFC

12500

390

781

/

/

/

/

6.25

C. parapsilosis

MIC

6250

781

781

/

/

/

/

3.125

 

MFC

12500

6250

6250

/

/

/

/

3.125

Dermatophytes

         

T. equinum

MIC

12500

390

390

/

/

/

/

6.25

 

MFC

/

1562

3125

/

/

/

/

12.5

M. audouinii

MIC

6250

390

781

/

/

/

/

6.25

 

MFC

12500

1562

3125

/

/

/

/

6.25

T. mentagrophytes

MIC

/

781

781

/

/

/

/

3.125

 

MFC

/

3125

3125

/

/

/

/

6.25

M. gypseum

MIC

12500

390

781

/

/

/

/

6.25

 

MFC

/

1562

3125

/

/

/

/

12.5

E. flocosum

MIC

12500

390

781

/

/

/

/

3.125

 

MFC

/

1562

3125

/

/

/

/

6.25

  1. Extracta: leaf extract; Hf: Hexane fraction; Af: Acetone fraction; MRf; Methanol residue fraction; RD: reference drug (Gentamycin, Nystatine and Griseofulvin for bacteria, yeasts and dermatophytes respectively); /: not active (at 12500 μg/ml for extract and fractions, and 100 μg/ml for compounds).