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Table 3 Mean minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ± standard deviation (SD) of the species present in the different orders against the Gram-negative bacteria

From: Which tree orders in southern Africa have the highest antimicrobial activity and selectivity against bacterial and fungal pathogens of animals?

Order

n (≥9)

Mean MIC (mg/ml)

P. aeruginosa

E. coli

Mean (Gram-negative bacteria)

Myrtales

25

0.28 ± 0.56

0.30 ± 0.59

0.29 ± 0.56a

Fabales

57

0.26 ± 0.55

0.34 ± 0.60

0.30 ± 0.51ab

Malvales

26

0.38 ± 0.73

0.31 ± 0.59

0.34 ± 0.64abc

Ericales

30

0.33 ± 0.77

0.36 ± 0.79

0.34 ± 0.75abc

Apiales

9

0.49 ± 0.66

0.26 ± 0.59

0.36 ± 0.53abcd

Rosales

28

0.37 ± 0.58

0.39 ± 0.58

0.38 ± 0.51abcd

Malpighiales

71

0.43 ± 0.66

0.37 ± 0.71

0.40 ± 0.62acd

Celastrales

19

0.39 ± 0.96

0.44 ± 0.48

0.41 ± 0.68abcd

Sapindales

64

0.45 ± 0.82

0.41 ± 0.84

0.43 ± 0.78cd

Gentianales

64

0.46 ± 0.75

0.43 ± 0.68

0.45 ± 0.67cd

Lamiales

35

0.52 ± 0.88

0.40 ± 0.36

0.46 ± 0.58cd

Magnoliales

9

0.58 ± 0.80

0.42 ± 0.43

0.49 ± 0.59cd

Asterales

11

0.44 ± 0.43

0.57 ± 0.82

0.50 ± 0.52cd

Proteales

28

0.46 ± 0.78

0.78 ± 0.67

0.60 ± 0.70d

Degrees of freedom (DF)

13

F value

2.27

PR > F

0.0065

  1. The orders are arranged from highest to lowest activity (n = the number of tree species analysed in each order; mean MIC values followed by the same superscript letter do not differ significantly at the 5% confidence level).