Antibiotic-potentiation activities of four Cameroonian dietary plants against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria expressing efflux pumps

Touani, Francesco K; Seukep, Armel J; Djeussi, Doriane E; Fankam, Aimé G; Noumedem, Jaurès A K; Kuete, Victor

doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-258

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 7 MIC of antibiotics in combination with plant at their MIC/2 and MIC/5 against selected MDR bacteria strains

From: Antibiotic-potentiation activities of four Cameroonian dietary plants against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria expressing efflux pumps

Antibiotics	Plant extracts and MIC
	Bacterial strains		Capsicum frutescens		Brassica oleacera var. butyris		Brassica oleacera var. Italica		Basilicum polystachyon
	Bacterial strains	MIC	MIC/2	MIC/5	MIC/2	MIC/5	MIC/2	MIC/5	MIC/2	MIC/5
CEF	AG100	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	EA27	256	-	-	-	-	128 (0.5) ^s	256 (1)¹	256 (1)¹	256 (1)¹
	CM64	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	KP55	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	KP63	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	NAE16	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	PA124
AMP	AG100	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	EA27	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	CM64	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	KP55	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	KP63	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	NAE16	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CIP	AG100	32	32 (1)^I	64 (2)¹	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	64 (2)¹	64 (2)^I	64 (2)¹	128 (4)¹
	EA27	16	32 (2)¹	32 (2)¹	4 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	128 (8)^A	128 (8)^A
	CM64	16	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	64 (4)¹	128 (8)^A
	KP55	16	4 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	2 (0.125) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	16 (1)^I	8 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S
	KP63	8*	4 (0.5) ^S	4 (0.5) ^S	*1 (0.125)** ^S	*1 (0.125)** ^S	1 (0.125) ^S	4 (0.25)^S	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I
	NAE16	8*	2 (0.25) ^S	2 (0.25) ^S	*2 (0.25)** ^S	*2 (0.25)** ^S	2 (0.25) ^S	2 (0.25)^S	8* (1)^I	8 (1)^I
	PA124	64	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	64 (1)¹	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S
ERY	AG100	32	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹
	EA27	32	32 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹
	CM64	32	64 (2)¹	16 (0.5) ^S	32 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹
	KP55	128	128 (1) ^I	128 (1) ^I	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	128 (1)^I	256 (2)¹	256 (2)¹
	KP63	128	32 (0.25) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.25) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	256 (2)¹	256 (2)¹
	NAE16	128	16 (0.125) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	32 (0.25) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	256 (2)¹	256 (2)¹
	PA124	512	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5)^S	256 (0.5) ^S	128 (0.25) ^S	256 0.5) ^S
KAN	AG100	32	32 (1)^I	64 (2)¹	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	32 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	32 (1)^I	32 (1)^I
	EA27	32	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.5)^S	16 (0.25) ^S	64 (2)¹	64 (2)¹
	CM64	64	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	16 (0.25) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5)^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S
	KP55	64	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25)^S	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S
	KP63	64	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S
	NAE16	64	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I
	PA124	128	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	16 (0.125) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	256 (2)¹	256 (2)¹
TET	AG100	32	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.125) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	32 (1)^I
	EA27	128	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	4 (0.031) ^S	32 (0.25) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S
	CM64	64	128 (2)¹	128 (2)¹	4 (0.062) ^S	8 (0.125) ^S	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I	128 (2)¹	256 (4)¹
	KP55	16	2 (0.125) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	1 (0.062) ^S	1 (0.062) ^S	2 (0.125) ^S	2 (0.125) ^S	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I
	KP63	32	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S
	NAE16	128	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	-	-
	PA124	64	32 (0.5) ^S	64 (1)^I	16 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I
STR	AG100	64	256 (4)¹	256 (4)¹	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	64 (0.5) ^S	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I
	EA27	8	32 (4)¹	32 (4)¹	4 (0.5)^S	8 (1)^I	2 (0.25) ^S	2 (0.5) ^S	8 (1)^I	8 (1)^I
	CM64	64	256 (4)¹	256 (4)¹	8 (0.125) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I
	KP55	16	32 (4)¹	32 (4)¹	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I
	KP63	64	256 (4)¹	256 (4)¹	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I
	NAE16	64	256 (4)¹	256 (4)¹	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I
	PA124	64	256 (4)¹	256 (4)¹	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	64 (1)^I	64 (1)^I
CHL	AG100	16	4 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I
	EA27	256	-	-	64 (0.25) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.125) ^S	64 (0.25) ^S	256 (1)^I	256 (1)^I
	CM64	128	32 (0.25) ^S	32 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	256 (2)¹	256 (2)¹
	KP55	64	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	16 (0.25) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	64(1)¹	64 (1)¹
	KP63	128	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	32 (0.125) ^S	32 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S
	NAE16	256	16 (0.062) ^S	32 (0.125) ^S	8 (0.031) ^S	16 (0.062) ^S	32 (0.125) ^S	32 (0.125) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S
	PA124	512	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S	256 (0.5) ^S
NOR	AG100	16	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I	4 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	16 (1)^I	16 (1)^I
	EA27	16	128 (4)¹	128 (4)¹	8 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	2 (0.125) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.5) ^S	16 (1)^I
	CM64	128	256 (2)¹	256 (2)¹	8 (0.0625) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	128 (1)^I	128 (1)^I	256 (2)¹	256 (2)¹
	KP55	128	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.0625) ^S	16 (0.125) ^S	64 (0.5) ^S	128 (1)^I
	KP63	8	32 (4)¹	32 (4)¹	4 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.25) ^S	8 (1)^I	8 (1)^I	8 (1)^I	8 (1)^I
	NAE16	32	8 (0.25) ^S	16 (0.5) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	4 (0.125) ^S	4 (0.125) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S	8 (0.25) ^S
	PA124	256	128 (0.5) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S	128 (0.5) ^S	256 (1)¹	256 (1)¹

s: Synergy; I: Indifference; A: Antagonism; ( ): FIC values; -: MIC > 512 μg/mL or not determined FIC; ATB: Antibiotic; CIP: Ciprofloxacin, NOR: Norfloxacin, CHL: Chloramphenicol, STR: Streptomycin, TET: Tetracycline, KAN: Kanamycin, ERY: Erythromycin, AMP: Ampicillin and CEF Cefepime; The values in bold represent the cases of synergy between extract and antibiotic.

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