Food intake, g/d (n = 7-8)
|
36.3 ± 0.9b
|
40.4 ± 0.7a
|
27.3 ± 1.3c
|
27.7 ± 2.6c
|
<0.0001
|
0.0375
|
0.07
|
Water intake, ml/d (n = 7-8)
|
29.6 ± 2.6
|
30.9 ± 1.7
|
26.5 ± 2.3
|
29.6 ± 5.0
|
0.06
|
0.3
|
0.41
|
Energy intake, kJ/d (n = 8)
|
405.5 ± 10.2d
|
512.7 ± 8.3c
|
569.2 ± 28.7b
|
655.2 ± 28.7a
|
0.8041
|
<0.0001
|
<0.0001
|
Body weight gain (8–16 weeks),% (n = 8)
|
7.1 ± 1.1bc
|
11.6 ± 2.6b
|
19.1 ± 1.4a
|
19.7 ± 1.5a
|
<0.0001
|
0.12
|
0.19
|
Total body fat mass, g (n = 8)
|
77.5 ± 5.8b
|
110.6 ± 10.4b
|
210.8 ± 27.6a
|
230.4 ± 23.1a
|
<0.0001
|
0.23
|
0.85
|
Total body lean mass, g (n = 8)
|
296.9 ± 10.6
|
305.2 ± 3.0
|
296.8 ± 15.4
|
286.2 ± 16.0
|
0.67
|
0.42
|
0.31
|
Abdominal circumference, cm (n = 8)
|
18.9 ± 0.2d
|
20.2 ± 0.3c
|
22.1 ± 0.4b
|
24.7 ± 0.5a
|
<0.0001
|
<0.0001
|
0.0403
|
Tissue wet weights, mg/mm tibial length (n = 8)
| | | | | | | |
Liver (n = 7-8)
|
248.8 ± 12.0b
|
258.0 ± 16.4b
|
332.5 ± 1.0a
|
363.2 ± 8.6a
|
<0.0001
|
0.18
|
0.41
|
Kidneys (n = 7-8)
|
47.92 ± 1.3b
|
54.62 ± 1.7b
|
57.31 ± 3.1a
|
58.62 ± 1.5a
|
0.0299
|
0.0856
|
< 0.0001
|
Spleen (n = 7-8)
|
17.27 ± 1.1
|
19.53 ± 1.2
|
19.1 ± 0.3
|
16.11 ± 1.6
|
0.0042
|
0.9573
|
0.1704
|
Plasma biochemistry analysis
| | | | | | | |
Urea (mmol/L) (n = 7-8)
|
2.74 ± 0.62
|
2.94 ± 0.31
|
2.90 ± 0.33
|
2.11 ± 0.12
|
0.1463
|
0.6032
|
0.5296
|
uric acid (μmol/L) (n = 7-8)
|
32.6 ± 5.36b
|
45.4 ± 1.37a
|
26.6 ± 2.2bc
|
16.4 ± 2.36c
|
0.0014
|
0.0793
|
< 0.0001
|
Glucose, mmol/L (n = 5-8)
|
11.2 ± 0.61ab
|
12.6 ± 1.19a
|
12.4 ± 0.45ab
|
9.7 ± 0.44b
|
0.0118
|
0.4315
|
0.6681
|