| |
MA
|
EA
|
SC
|
MA vs. SC1
|
EA vs. SC1
|
EA vs. MA1
|
|---|
| |
n = 83
|
n = 87
|
n = 83
|
OR (CI)
2
|
OR (CI)
2
|
OR (CI)
3
|
|---|
|
Pain relief
| | | | | | |
|
Nitrous oxide
|
95.1
|
95.4
|
93.8
|
1.89 (0.43-8.37)
|
1.52 (0.39-5.96)
|
0.80 (0.17-3.75)
|
|
Sterile water injections
|
12.2
|
4.7
|
10.0
|
1.15 (0.42-3.14)
|
0.40 (0.11-1.40)
|
0.35 (0.10-1.17)
|
|
TENS
|
14.5
|
12.6
|
48.1
|
0.17 (0.77-0.37)
|
0.16 (0.73-0.34)
|
0.94 (0.38-2.33)
|
|
Morphine
|
9.6
|
1.1
|
4.8
|
2.3 (0.64-8.0)
|
0.23 (0.25-2.1)
|
0.10 (0.01-0.85)
|
|
Epidural analgesia
|
61.4
|
46.0
|
69.9
|
0.62 (0.32-1.20)
|
0.35 (0.19-0.67)
|
0.57 (0.31-1.06)
|
|
Women’s assessments postpartum
| | | | | | |
|
Pain worse than expected4
|
51.9
|
54.4
|
65.8
|
0.54 (0.27-1.05)
|
0.63 (0.33-1.23)
|
1.19 (0.62-2.26)
|
|
Sufficient pain relief4
|
76.6
|
81.0
|
73.7
|
1.31 (0.61-2.84)
|
1.68 (0.77-3.68)
|
1.28 (0.58-2.84)
|
|
Will choose the same treatment again4
|
60.9
|
68.0
| | | |
1.14 (0.55-2.36)
|
|
Acupuncture effective for reducing pain5
|
44.4
|
67.1
| | | |
2.44 (1.23-4.82)
|
|
Acupuncture effective for relaxation5
|
58.6
|
72.7
| | | |
1.72 (0.84-3.52)
|
-
1Analysed by appropriate method (see Methods) and adjusted for age and education. SC = Standard Care MA = manual acupuncture EA = Electro-acupuncture OR = Odds Ratio CI = 95% Confidence interval SD = Standard Deviation TENS = Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation 2SC is reference 3MA is reference 4Day after partus 5Immediately after partus.
