Mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of six Brazilian Byrsonima species assessed by the Ames test

Espanha, Lívia Greghi; Resende, Flávia Aparecida; de Sousa Lima Neto, José; Boldrin, Paula Karina; Nogueira, Catarine Haidê; de Camargo, Mariana Santoro; De Grandis, Rone Aparecido; dos Santos, Lourdes Campaner; Vilegas, Wagner; Varanda, Eliana Aparecida

doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-182

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 3 Antimutagenic activity expressed as mean number of revertants/plate (M) ± standard deviation (SD) and degree of growth inhibition of revertants (%I), in combinations of four Byrsonima species hydroalcoholic extracts with direct and indirect mutagens

From: Mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of six Brazilian Byrsonima species assessed by the Ames test

Mutagens (M)	NPD^b		MMC^c		AFB₁ ^d		B[a]P^e
Strains	TA 98 (-S9)		TA 102 (-S9)		TA 100 (+S9)		TA 98 (+S9)
	Treatment (mg/plate)	M ± SD and (%I)	Treatment (mg/plate)	M ± SD and (%I)	Treatment (mg/plate)	M ± SD and (%I)	Treatment (mg/plate)	M ± SD and (%I)
B. verbascifolia
	0 ^a	18 ± 4	0 ^a	487 ± 81	0 ^a	114 ± 6	0 ^a	36 ± 5
	0.013 + M ^b	483 ± 40** (45)	0.094 + M ^c	1502 ± 138 (6)	0.125 + M ^d	213 ± 7*** (85)	0.049 + M ^e	102 ± 24*** (44)
	0.025 + M ^b	454 ± 60*** (48)	0.188 + M ^c	1296 ± 24 (19)	0.250 + M ^d	131 ± 27*** (91)	0.098 + M ^e	78 ± 6*** (57)
	0.050 + M ^b	550 ± 41** (37)	0.375 + M ^c	1366 ± 21 (15)	0.500 + M ^d	125 ± 16*** (91)	0.195 + M ^e	85 ± 9*** (54)
	0.100 + M ^b	628 ± 138* (28)	0.750 + M ^c	1380 ± 4 (14)	1.000 + M ^d	132 ± 13*** (91)	0.390 + M ^e	41 ± 5*** (78)
	0.200 + M ^b	1001 ± 137	1.500 + M ^c	1381 ± 58 (14)	2.000 + M ^d	132 ± 24*** (91)	0.780 + M ^e	34 ± 7*** (82)
	M ^b	876 ± 30	M ^c	1601 ± 226	M ^d	1399 ± 34	M ^e	184 ± 8
B. correifolia
	0 ^a	18 ± 4	0 ^a	464 ± 48	0 ^a	104 ± 15	0 ^a	36 ± 5
	0.013 + M ^b	440 ± 57*** (50)	0.031 + M ^c	1208 ± 15 (15)	0.008 + M ^d	353 ± 59*** (60)	0.250 + M ^e	34 ± 6*** (82)
	0.025 + M ^b	426 ± 2*** (51)	0.063 + M ^c	1126 ± 66* (20)	0.016 + M ^d	248 ± 38*** (72)	0.500 + M ^e	31 ± 6*** (83)
	0.050+ M ^b	497 ± 39*** (43)	0.125 + M ^c	1152 ± 74* (19)	0.031 + M ^d	370 ± 49*** (58)	1.000 + M ^e	32 ± 6*** (82)
	0.100+ M ^b	593 ± 20*** (32)	0.250 + M ^c	1205 ± 52 (15)	0.063 + M ^d	180 ± 57*** (80)	2.000 + M ^e	31 ± 5*** (83)
	0.200+ M ^b	521 ± 61*** (41)	0.500 + M ^c	1129 ± 146*(20)	0.125 + M ^d	206 ± 46*** (77)	4.000 + M ^e	39 ± 3*** (79)
	M ^b	876 ± 30	M ^c	1414 ± 61	M ^d	883 ± 80	M ^e	184 ± 8
B. fagifolia
	0 ^a	45 ± 8	0 ^a	355 ± 36	0 ^a	94 ± 12	0 ^a	19 ± 7
	0.030 + M ^b	705 ± 72 (7)	0.010 + M ^c	1579 ± 94	0.030 + M ^d	976 ± 38 (8)	0.030 + M ^e	378 ± 49*** (41)
	0.060+ M ^b	612 ± 43 (19)	0.030 + M ^c	1395 ± 70	0.060 + M ^d	915 ± 44 (14)	0.060 + M ^e	405 ± 51*** (37)
	0.120 + M ^b	623 ± 38 (17)	0.060 + M ^c	1499 ± 89	0.120 + M ^d	739 ± 40*** (31)	0.120 + M ^e	332 ± 35*** (48)
	0.250 + M ^b	593 ± 51 (21)	0.120 + M ^c	1432 ± 79	0.250 + M ^d	781 ± 52** (27)	0.250 + M ^e	268 ± 43*** (58)
	0.500 + M ^b	483 ± 40* (36)	0.250 + M ^c	1440 ± 65	0.500 + M ^d	680 ± 36*** (36)	0.500 + M ^e	157 ± 29*** (76)
	M ^b	755 ± 89	M ^c	1251 ± 82	M ^d	1064 ± 101	M ^e	640 ± 49
B. intermedia
	0 ^a	53 ± 12	0 ^a	317 ± 55	0 ^a	94 ± 12	0 ^a	19 ± 7
	0.010 + M ^b	677 ± 67* (24)	0.007 + M ^c	1593 ± 71 (5)	0.010 + M ^d	981 ± 61 (8)	0.010 + M ^e	338 ± 37*** (47)
	0.030 + M ^b	679 ± 61* (24)	0.010 + M ^c	1584 ± 45 (5)	0.030 + M ^d	993 ± 32 (7)	0.030 + M ^e	385 ± 48*** (40)
	0.060 + M ^b	665 ± 82* (26)	0.030 + M ^c	1504 ± 68 (10)	0.060 + M ^d	958 ± 20 (10)	0.060 + M ^e	293 ± 27*** (54)
	0.120 + M ^b	632 ± 54** (29)	0.060 + M ^c	1443 ± 82 (14)	0.120 + M ^d	864 ± 39** (19)	0.120 + M ^e	253 ± 19*** (60)
	0.250 + M ^b	621 ± 42** (30)	0.120 + M ^c	1409 ± 72 (16)	0.250 + M ^d	725 ± 23*** (32)	0.250 + M ^e	148 ± 23*** (77)
	M ^b	893 ± 79	M ^c	1672 ± 102	M ^d	1064 ± 101	M ^e	640 ± 49

^aNegative Solvent Control: DMSO, 100 μL/plate; Mutagens (M): ^b4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, 10 μg/plate; ^cMitomycin C, 0.5 μg/plate; ^dAflatoxin B₁, 0.5 μg/plate; ^eBenzo[a]pyrene, 1 μg/plate. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.0001 (ANOVA).

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