Figure 3From: Photoprotective and antioxidant effects of Rhubarb: inhibitory action on tyrosinase and tyrosine kinase activities and TNF-α, IL-1α and α-MSH production in human melanocytes Effects of Rheum rhaponticum L. extract (RRE) and kojic acid (KA) on tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production by human melanocytes exposed and unexposed to ultraviolet radiation. Data are presented as the mean ± S.E.M. of six individual experiments, performed in triplicate. *P < 0.001 compared with control unexposed to UV radiation; +P < 0.01 compared with control exposed to UV radiation.Back to article page