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Table 2 Children’s spherical equivalent and odds ratio for myopia by each item of the eye exercises of acupoints questionnaire

From: Eye exercises of acupoints: their impact on refractive error and visual symptoms in Chinese urban children

 

SE (mean ± SD)

Univariate OR (95% CI)

Multiple OR (95% CI)*

Multiple OR (95% CI)*

Performed eye exercises of acupoints (in school)

  No

-1.60 ± 1.71

   

  Yes

-1.70 ± 2.38

0.62 (0.17, 2.25)

1.91 (0.37, 9.76)

1.46 (1.32, 1.63)

Times per day (in school)

  < 2

-1.92 ± 2.28

   

  ≥ 2

-1.66 ± 2.39

0.58 (0.29, 1.13)

0.61 (0.26, 1.45)

1.51 (1.35, 1.69)

Serious or not

  No/moderate

-1.98 ± 2.40

   

  Yes

-1.36 ± 2.31

0.51 (0.33, 0.78)

0.71 (0.41, 1.24)

1.50 (1.34, 1.68)

Serious times per week

  None

-1.85 ± 1.73

   

  < 3

-1.45 ± 2.53

0.58 (0.22, 1.52)

1.08 (0.33, 3.50)

 

  ≥ 5

-1.75 ± 2.40

0.56 (0.23, 1.32)

0.94 (0.32, 2.73)

1.51 (1.35, 1.70)

Eye exercises of acupoints were taught by

  Atlas/classmate

-1.77 ± 2.66

   

  Teacher/doctor/healthy counselor

-1.69 ± 2.32

0.97 (0.53, 1.76)

1.16 (0.55, 2.46)

1.51 (1.35, 1.70)

Speed

  Faster/slower than the broadcast & At will

-1.70 ± 1.80

   

  Following the broadcast

-1.70 ± 2.47

0.61 (0.32, 1.17)

0.80 (0.35, 1.85)

1.51 (1.35, 1.69)

Acquaintance of eye exercises acupoints

  No/Moderate

-1.85 ± 2.40

   

  Yes

-1.48 ± 2.32

0.92 (0.60, 1.43)

1.11 (0.64, 1.95)

1.51 (1.35, 1.70)

Perform additional eye exercises of acupoints (outside school)

  No

-1.49 ± 2.32

   

  Yes

-2.15 ± 2.44

1.58 (0.98, 2.57)

1.82 (0.99, 3.34)

1.51 (1.35, 1.70)

  1. SE: spherical equivalent; SD: standard deviation; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; the first group was the reference group.
  2. Multiple OR*: adjusted for children’s age, gender, average parental refractive error, times spend on near work and outdoor, and item of eye exercises questionnaire; column 3 presented the OR (95% CI) of item of eye exercises questionnaire; column 4 presented the OR (95% CI) of item of children’s age.
  3. : significantly different as compared to the first group.