Camel milk ameliorates steatohepatitis, insulin resistance and lipid peroxidation in experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, catalase (CAT) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels at the end of the study in rats fed standard and high-fat, cholesterol-rich diets with and without camel milk treatment

	Control (n = 10)	CCM (n = 20)	Ch (n = 20)	ChM (n = 20)	F value P value
Serum MDA μM/l	0.65 ± 0.00	0.65 ± 0.00 §	8.07 ± 1.4 †‡	0.65 ± 0.00 §	462.02
Serum MDA μM/l	0.65 ± 0.00	0.65 ± 0.00 §	8.07 ± 1.4 †‡	0.65 ± 0.00 §	<0.001
Liver MDA μM/g tissue	1.35 ± 0.13	1.32 ± 0.12 §	1.95 ± 0.16 †‡	1.59 ± 0.09†‡§	47.93
Liver MDA μM/g tissue	1.35 ± 0.13	1.32 ± 0.12 §	1.95 ± 0.16 †‡	1.59 ± 0.09†‡§	<0.001
Serum CAT activity nmol H2O2/min/mg protein	5.52 ± 1.57	4.96 ± 0.61§	3.95 ± 1.04 †‡	5.02 ± 0.73 §	17.13
Serum CAT activity nmol H2O2/min/mg protein	5.52 ± 1.57	4.96 ± 0.61§	3.95 ± 1.04 †‡	5.02 ± 0.73 §	<0.001
Liver CAT activity μM H2O2/min/mg protein	60.90 ± 3.72	62.51 ± 2.98 §	47.70 ± 3.37 †‡	56.30 ± 2.29 †‡§	44.78
Liver CAT activity μM H2O2/min/mg protein	60.90 ± 3.72	62.51 ± 2.98 §	47.70 ± 3.37 †‡	56.30 ± 2.29 †‡§	<0.001
Liver GSH Mg/g tissue	22.97 ± 1.13	23.11 ± 1.12 §	14.17 ± 1.38 †‡	23.11 ± 1.08 †‡§	131.49
Liver GSH Mg/g tissue	22.97 ± 1.13	23.11 ± 1.12 §	14.17 ± 1.38 †‡	23.11 ± 1.08 †‡§	<0.001

CCM; control + milk group, Ch; cholesterol group, ChM; cholesterol + milk group. Values are presented as the mean ± SD. Significant differences between all groups were identified by ANOVA test presented by F value. When significant (p value < 0.05), a post hoc LSD test was performed to compare the groups. † p < 0.05 versus control, ‡ p < 0.05 versus CCM, § p < 0.05 versus Ch, p < 0.05 versus ChM.

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