Yes, essential | No, not essential | Don’t know | Odds ratio, raw (95% CI)a | Odds ratio, adjusted (95% CI)b | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geographic location (n = 618)cd | |||||
East | 113 (48.7) | 78 (33.6) | 41 (17.7) | Ref | Ref |
West | 15 (30.7) | 187 (48.5) | 42 (10.9) | 0.72 (0.52, 1.00) | 0.45 (0.29, 0.72)** |
Sex (n = 610) | |||||
Male | 111 (36.8) | 149 (49.3) | 42 (13.9) | Ref | Ref |
Female | 158 (51.3) | 112 (36.4) | 38 (12.3) | 1.81 (1.31, 2.50)*** | 1.31 (0.89, 1.91) |
Age group (n = 609)d | |||||
21–39 | 63 (34.2) | 102 (55.4) | 19 (10.3) | Ref | Ref |
40–59 | 130 (45.0) | 113 (39.1) | 46 (15.9) | 1.57 (1.07, 2.30)* | 1.18 (0.76, 1.84) |
60-75 | 73 (53.6) | 47 (34.6) | 16 (11.8) | 2.22 (1.41, 3.51)** | 1.65 (0.98, 2.77) |
BMI (n = 618) | |||||
Normal weight | 119 (46.0) | 111 (42.9) | 29 (11.2) | Ref | Ref |
Overweight | 73 (36.7) | 95 (47.7) | 31 (15.6) | 0.68 (0.47, 0.99)* | 0.82 (0.52, 1.28) |
Obese | 78 (48.8) | 59 (36.9) | 23 (14.4) | 1.11 (0.75, 1.66) | 1.27 (0.79, 2.05) |
Supplement use (n = 618) | |||||
No | 20 (12.1) | 107 (64.5) | 39 (23.5) | Ref | Ref |
Yes | 250 (55.3) | 158 (35.0) | 44 (9.7) | 9.03 (5.46, 14.9)* | 11.37 (6.35, 20.39)*** |
Physical activity (n = 603) | |||||
Yes | 225 (46.0) | 200 (40.9) | 64 (13.1) | 1.70 (1.11, 2.61)* | 1.55 (0.94, 2.55) |
No | 38 (33.3) | 60 (52.6) | 16 (14.0) | Ref | Ref |
Alcohol use (n = 613) | |||||
Yes | 162 (40.8) | 185 (46.6) | 50 (12.6) | 0.70 (0.50, 0.98)* | 0.70 (0.47, 1.05) |
No | 107 (49.5) | 77 (35.7) | 32 (14.8) | Ref | Ref |
Tobacco use (n = 612) | |||||
Yes | 34 (44.7) | 26 (34.2) | 16 (21.1) | 1.03 (0.64, 1.68) | 1.30 (0.68, 2.49) |
No | 235 (43.8) | 235 (43.8) | 66 (12.3) | Ref | Ref |