Induction of apoptosis in melanoma A375 cells by a chloroform fraction of Centratherum anthelminticum (L.) seeds involves NF-kappaB, p53 and Bcl-2-controlled mitochondrial signaling pathways

Table 1 Summary of compounds identified using MS, MS/MS, and UV spectra

Peak #	Rt (min)	MW	[M+H]⁺or [M-H]^-	+/- Ions	MS/MS fragments	Tentative identification	References
1	2.3	378	377	-	257, 257, 230, 187	unknown
2	3.0	360	361	+	259, 247, 86, 58	vernodaline	[18, 22, 23]
3	3.6	330	329	-	229, 211, 99, 83	vernudiflorid	[24]
4	3.8	346	345	-	273, 209, 197,163, 84, 57	unknown
5	4.7	314	313	-	213, 182, 157, 131,	12,13- dihydroxyoleic acid	[25, 26]

Five peaks in the chromatograms of CACF (Figure 1B) were analyzed. Retention times (Rt), molecular weight (MW), protonated and deprotonated molecules ([M+H]+ and [M-H]-), +/- ions, MS/MS fragments, as well as their proposed identities are as listed. Among the five peaks, 2, 3 and 5 were identified as vernodaline, vernudiflori and 12,13- dihydroxyol, whereas the identities of minor peaks 1 and 4 remained unknown.

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