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Table 4 Data summary for five time points of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation

From: A randomised controlled trial of the use of aromatherapy and hand massage to reduce disruptive behaviour in people with dementia

CMAI subscales/ five time points

Baseline

Week 2

Week 4

Week 6

Post-test

(n = 61)

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

Nonaggression

     

05. Pace, aimless wandering, trying to get to a different place

2.48 (1.66)

2.30 (1.50)

2.38 (1.54)

2.33 (1.51)

2.18 (1.58)

06. General restlessness, performing repetitious mannerisms, tapping, strange movements

3.07 (1.47)

2.61 (1.48)

2.48 (1.50)

2.41 (1.45)

2.28 (1.53)

07. Inappropriate dress or disrobing

1.74 (1.05)

1.79 (1.14)

1.67 (0.96)

1.77 (1.06)

1.77 (1.16)

08. Handling things inappropriately

2.0 (1.33)

1.80 (1.03)

1.79 (1.14)

1.75 (1.22)

1.56 (0.98)

Aggression

     

01. Cursing or verbal aggression

2.61 (1.28)

2.36 (1.17)

2.20 (1.21)

2.13 (1.23)

2.20 (1.15)

02. Hitting, kicking, pushing, biting, scratching, aggressive spitting

1.84 (1.07)

1.77 (1.01)

1.57 (0.97)

1.62 (0.90)

1.72 (1.02)

03. Grabbing onto people, throwing things, tearing things or destroying property

2.02 (1.23)

1.90 (1.12)

1.98 (1.27)

1.82 (1.04)

1.89 (1.07)

04. Other aggressive behaviours or self-  abuse

1.69 (1.04)

1.59 (1.02)

1.59 (1.02)

1.54 (1.03)

1.43 (0.87)

14. Screaming

1.36 (0.93)

1.21 (0.76)

1.31 (0.74)

1.30 (0.72)

1.28 (0.64)

Agitation

     

09. Constant request for attention or help

2.38 (1.45)

2.20 (1.45)

2.21 (1.52)

1.98 (1.32)

2.0 (1.39)

10. Repetitive sentences, calls, questions or words

2.82 (1.53)

2.56 (1.46)

2.49 (1.50)

2.34 (1.34)

2.41 (1.42)

11. Complaining, negativism, refusal to follow directions

2.75 (1.36)

2.38 (1.23)

2.25 (1.35)

2.03 (1.14)

2.13 (1.38)

Hiding & hold things

     

13. Hiding things, hoarding things

2.08 (1.44)

1.74 (1.06)

1.59 (1.01)

1.67 (1.04)

1.69 (1.15)

  1. Note: The scale ranged from 1 (Never) to 5 (A few times an hour or continuous for half an hour or more). Question 12 Strange noise, did not fit into any sub-groups; therefore it was excluded from the study.