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Table 1 Summary of the chemical composition of the remarkable plant families with abundant phytochemicals isolated

From: Cameroonian medicinal plants: a bioactivity versus ethnobotanical survey and chemotaxonomic classification

Plant family

% of isolated compounds

Remarkable compound classes (% composition)

Genera studied

Apocynaceae

2.8

Alkaloids (54.4%)

Holarrhena, Picralima, Tabernathe, Voacanga, Picralima, Rauvolfia and Plumeria

Bignoniaceae

3.1

Quinones (26.3%)

Kigelia, Newbouldia, Spathodea and Stereospermum

Compositae

3.9

Terpenoids (54.1%)

Chromoleana, Crassocephalum, Crepis, Echinops, Elephantopus, Eupatroium, Helichrysum, Microglossa, Senecio, Tithonia and Vernonia

Euphorbiaceae

4.4

Terpenoids (68.5%)

Alchornea, Antidesma, Croton, Discoglypremna, Drypetes, Fontainea, Macaranga, Maesobotrya, Neoboutonia, Thecacoris and Uapaca

Guttiferae

10.1

Xanthones (37.5%), Quinones (26.3%)

Allanblackia, Calophyllum, Endodesmia, Garcinia, Harungana, Hypericum, Pentadesma, Psorospermum, Symphonia and Vismia

Leguminosae

13.9

Flavonoids (68.3%)

Cassia, Crotalaria, Eriosema, Erythrina, Guibourtia, Millettia, Tephrosia and Piptadenia

Meliaceae

4.5

Terpenoids (74.4%)

Carapa, Entandrophragma, Leplaea, Pterorhachis, Synsepalum, Trichilia and Turraeanthus

Moraceae

10.6

Flavonoids (39.7%)

Antiaris, Artocarpus, Dorstenia, Ficus, Melicia, Milicia, Morus, Treculia and Trilepisium

Ochnaceae

3.2

Flavonoids (69.2%)

Campylospermum, Lophira, Ochna and Ouratea

Rutaceae

6.5

Alkaloids (54.6%)

Afraegle, Araliopsis, Basalmocitrus, Citropsis, Clausena, Fagara, Oricia, Oriciopsis, Teclea, Vepris, and Zanthoxylum

Sapotaceae

3.1

Terpenoids (43.2%)

Butyrospermum, Chrysophyllum, Donella, Gambeya and Mimusops

Zingiberaceae

3.4

Terpenoids (70.1%)

Aframomum and Renealmia