Racial differences in symptom management approaches among persons with radiographic knee osteoarthritis

Table 6 Correlates ^† of treatment approaches among Caucasian Americans with radiographic-confirmed knee osteoarthritis (N = 2075)

	CAM Only	Conventional Medication Only	Both
	(N = 502)	(N = 303)	(N = 493)
	Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals)
Age ≥ 65 years	1.07 (0.82–1.38)	0.98 (0.72–1.34)	1.10 (0.83–1.45)
Women	1.67 (1.30–2.15)	1.54 (1.14–2.08)	2.36 (1.79–3.11)
Education
≥ Some college	1.81 (1.23–2.67)	0.89 (0.60–1.32)	1.25 (0.85–1.83)
≤High school or less	1.0	1.0	1.0
Income ($)
>100,000	0.86 (0.61–1.22)	1.15 (0.76–1.75)	1.47 (1.02–2.12)
50,000–100,000	0.83 (0.62–1.11)	0.97 (0.68–1.37)	0.97 (0.70–1.33)
≤ 50,000	1.0	1.0	1.0
KOOS Pain^‡	1.09 (0.90–1.33)	0.78 (0.63–0.97)	0.75 (0.62–0.91)
KOOS Quality of Life^‡	0.69 (0.57–0.83)	0.87 (0.69–1.09)	0.59 (0.48–0.73)
Kellgren-Lawrence grade:	1.62 (1.18–2.24)	1.45 (1.00–2.11)	1.90 (1.37–2.65)
4 versus 2 or 3
Symptom-related multi-joint osteoarthritis	1.43 (1.11–1.85)	1.67 (1.21–2.30)	2.43 (1.79–3.29)
History of knee injury/surgery	1.40 (1.09–1.81)	1.27 (0.93–1.72)	1.06 (0.80–1.39)
SF-12 Physical Health Score^‡	0.98 (0.84–1.15)	0.68 (0.57–0.81)	0.75 (0.64–0.88)
Obesity	1.14 (0.89–1.47)	0.78 (0.58–1.05)	1.10 (0.84–1.44)

^† Reference group includes participants who did not report use of CAM or conventional medications for osteoarthritis treatment.
^‡ Odds ratios are per one standard deviation change in SF-12 Physical Health Score (SD = 8.7) and KOOS subscales of Pain (SD = 18.1) and Quality of life (SD = 22.1).

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