Figure 1
Anti-CCA activities indicated by inhibitory action on tumor volume (mean ± SEM: mm 3 ) of CUR compound and extracts of ZO, AL, PC, and PPF at various dose levels, in comparison with NSS (untreated control) and 5-FU (reference control) in CCA-xenografted nude mice during the 48 days investigation period. Statistically significant difference by ANOVA, followed by post hoc scheffe test: AL-treated group at low dose level vs. control group (p < 0.001). AL-treated group at medium dose level vs. control group (p < 0.001). AL-treated group at high dose level vs. control group (p < 0.001). CUR-treated group at high dose level vs. control group (p < 0.01). ZO-treated group at high dose level vs. control group (p < 0.01). PPF-treated group at high dose level vs. control group (p < 0.01). PC-treated group at high dose level vs. control group (p < 0.01)