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Table 3 Antimutagenic activity expressed as the mean and standard deviation of number of revertants and percent inhibition by HK of direct (−S9) and indirect (+S9) mutagens, tested on strains TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA 97a of S . typhimurium

From: Mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of (−)-hinokinin a trypanosomicidal compound measured by Salmonella microsome and comet assays

Treatments

Number of revertants(M ± SD)/ plate and %; of inhibition

HK

TA 98

TA 100

μg/plate

S9

%; inhibition

+ S9

%; inhibition

S9

%; inhibition

+ S9

%; inhibition

Ctrol +

NOPD

 

B[a]P

 

SA

 

AFB 1

 
 

638 + 30

 

1244 + 38

 

1219 + 46

 

1607 + 79

 

9.7

525 + 7

18*

874 + 21

31**

1139 + 20

7*

1183 + 30

30**

19.5

507 + 15

21*

869 + 4

32**

1112 + 34

9*

976 + 18

45***

39.0

477 + 5

26**

813 + 18

36**

1169 + 32

5*

943 + 11

47***

58.5

521 + 9

19*

618 + 6

52***

1145 + 16

7*

612 + 33

71***

78.0

480 + 16

25**

539 + 32

59***

1181 + 41

3*

354 + 22

89***

 

TA 102

TA 97a

μg/plate

- S9

%; inhibition

+ S9

%; inhibition

- S9

%; inhibition

+ S9

%; inhibition

Ctrol +

MMC

 

2-AF

 

NOPD

 

2-AA

 
 

1184 + 42

 

1279 + 12

 

884 + 34

 

1083 + 67

 

9.7

1236 + 17

-

852 + 21

42***

934 + 33

-

682 + 52

43***

19.5

1201 + 23

-

855 + 22

42***

948 + 24

-

659 + 41

45***

39.0

1317 + 14

-

820 + 19

46***

979 + 84

-

628 + 16

49***

58.5

1017 + 56

18*

754 + 9

52***

1006 + 54

-

456 + 13

67***

78.0

979 + 51

22*

757 + 29

52***

1026 + 75

-

523 + 86

60***

  1. HK = (−)-Hinokinin; M ± SD = mean and standard deviation; Ctrol + = positive Control; NOPD = 4 -nitro-o-phenylenediamine (10.0 μg/ plate – TA98 and TA97a); SA = sodium azide (1.25 μg/ plate – TA100); MMC = mitomycin (0.5 μg/ plate – TA102), in the absence of S9 and B[a]P= benzo[a]pyrene (1.0 μg/ plate – TA 98); AFB1 = aflatoxin B1 (0.5 μg/ plate – TA 100); 2-AA = 2-anthramine (1.25 μg/ plate – TA 97a); 2-AF = 2-aminofluorene (10.0 μg/ plate – TA102), in the presence of S9.
  2. * no antimutagenic effect (< 25%; inhibition).
  3. ** moderate effect (25%; - 40%; inhibition).
  4. *** strong antimutagenic effect (> 40%; inhibition).