Acute toxicity and the 28-day repeated dose study of a Siddha medicine Nuna Kadugu in rats

Ramaswamy, Ramaswamy Selvaratnam; Prathyusha, Nettam; Saranya, Ruthiramoorthi; Sumathy, Haridass; Mohanavalli, Kutuva Tulasi; Priya, Raju Jyothi; Venkhatesh, Jayakothanda Ramaswamy; Babu, Chidambaram Saravana; Manickavasakam, Kumarasamy; Thanikachalam, Sadagopan

doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-190

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 8 Effect of Nuna kadugu on biochemical parameters of experimental Sprague Dawley rats in repeated oral toxicity study

From: Acute toxicity and the 28-day repeated dose study of a Siddha medicine Nuna Kadugu in rats

Treatment		Sex	Biochemical parameters
Treatment		Sex	Glucose (mg/dl)	Cholesterol (mg/dl)	Triglycerides (mg/dl)	T. Protein (gm%)	Albumin (gm%)	SGOT (IU/l)	SGPT (IU/l)
Control (0.5% CMC)		M(n=5)	128.90 ±12.51	88.01 ±5.69	45.18 ±8.56	4.63 ±0.28	2.27 ±0.13	30.40 ±4.04	33.92 ±3.38
		F (n=5)	134.24 ±5.13	86.64 ±7.32	50.50 ±9.00	4.70 ±0.34	2.38 ±0.23	29.40 ±4.12	43.16 ±7.41
		MF(n=10)	131.57±6.44	87.32±4.38	47.84±5.92	4.67±0.21	2.33±0.13	29.90±2.73	38.54±4.14
NK	(300 mg/kg p.o/day)	M(n=5)	131.16 ±9.57	87.98 ±10.81	51.20 ±11.66	4.90 ±0.13	2.43 ±0.15	29.92 ±5.31	43.83 ±6.02
		F (n=5)	130.31 ±11.64	87.74 ±13.2	44.79 ±3.18	5.01 ±0.15	2.34 ±0.23	29.90 ±3.93	34.19 ±4.42
		MF(n=10)	130.74±7.11	87.86±8.05	47.99±5.80	4.96±0.09	2.39±0.13	29.91±3.11	39.01±3.87
	(600 mg/kg p.o/day)	M(n=5)	128.35 ±12.39	89.26 ±3.32	50.57 ±1.53	4.82 ±0.27	2.22 ±0.29	29.10 ±3.69	40.99 ±4.52
		F (n=5)	132.61 ±15.43	85.92 ±10.74	44.74 ±3.50	4.78 ±0.49	2.20 ±0.23	31.22 ±4.86	38.66 ±3.67
		MF(n=10)	130.48±9.35	87.59±5.33	47.66±2.05	4.80±0.26	2.21±0.18	30.16±2.90	39.83±2.77
	(900mg/kg p.o/day)	M(n=5)	130.18 ±2.79	85.73 ±14.31	47.91 ±6.91	4.95 ±0.50	2.33 ±0.30	30.20 ±4.21	38.56 ±6.79
		F (n=5)	130.58 ±13.84	88.77 ±14.81	47.05 ±5.99	4.66 ±0.28	2.24 ±0.13	31.08 ±6.96	41.00 ±8.08
		MF(n=10)	130.38±6.66	87.25±9.72	47.48±4.31	4.80±0.28	2.28±0.15	30.64±3.84	39.78±4.99
Satellite group
Control (0.5% CMC)		M(n=5)	134.32 ±8.85	89.59 ±10.96	47.55 ±3.73	4.92 ±0.32	2.34 ±0.25	31.14 ±1.17	39.68 ±4.37
		F (n=5)	127.92 ±12.83	85.61 ±10.53	48.65 ±2.67	5.05 ±0.45	2.12 ±0.22	29.54 ±4.74	39.01 ±2.98
		MF(n=10)	131.12±7.42	87.60±7.19	48.10±2.17	4.99±0.26	2.23±0.16	30.34±2.32	39.35±2.50
NK (900 mg/kg p.o/day)		M(n=5)	131.55 ±4.12	87.57 ±5.61	46.79 ±5.22	4.80 ±0.31	2.20 ±0.13	24.96 ±4.73	39.88 ±4.38
		F (n=5)	132.35 ±14.32	86.61 ±13.93	49.42 ±4.24	4.71 ±0.33	2.42 ±0.19	35.36 ±3.85	38.66 ±7.83
		MF(n=10)	131.95±7.02	87.09±7.08	48.11±3.20	4.75±0.21	2.31±0.12	30.16±3.36	39.27±4.24
Treatment			Sex	Biochemical parameters
Treatment			Sex	LDH (IU/L)	ALP (IU/L)	γ-GT (IU/L)	Bilirubin (mg/dl)	Creatinine (mg%)	BUN (mg/dl)
Control (0.5% CMC)			M(n=5)	178.20±9.72	329.00±46.89	2.39±0.23	0.83±0.03	0.43±0.05	19.07±0.63
			F (n=5)	180.60±12.33	286.80±51.41	2.11±0.14	0.90±0.03	0.31±0.03	20.18±1.43
			MF(n=10)	179.40±7.41	307.90±33.55	2.25±0.13	0.87±0.02	0.37±0.03	19.63±0.76
NK	(300 mg/kg .o/day)		M(n=5)	179.60±16.64	307.22±18.45	2.12±0.19	0.54±0.27	0.28±0.02	19.06±3.10
			F (n=5)	178.20±12.08	310.06±14.29	2.10±0.20	1.00±0.08	0.35±0.03	18.08±1.28
			MF(n=10)	178.90±9.69	308.64±11.01	2.11±0.13	0.77±0.15	0.31±0.02	18.57±1.59
	(600 mg/kg p.o/day)		M(n=5)	181.40±7.28	306.74±16.29	2.03±0.23	0.84±0.05	0.34±0.04	18.56±2.11
			F (n=5)	179.80±11.51	311.32±32.42	1.96±0.20	0.84±0.06	0.34±0.04	20.26±1.33
			MF(n=10)	180.60±6.42	309.03±25.89	1.99±0.14	0.84±0.04	0.34±0.03	19.41±1.21
	(900mg/kg p.o/day)		M(n=5)	178.20±14.03	310.82±35.07	2.04±0.21	0.99±0.04	0.37±0.03	19.62±1.65
			F (n=5)	183.60±8.59	306.64±31.52	2.13±0.22	0.97±0.02	0.30±0.03	18.55±2.00
			MF(n=10)	180.90±7.81	308.73±35.56	2.09±0.14	0.98±0.02	0.33±0.02	19.09±1.24
Satellite group
Control (0.5% CMC)			M(n=5)	180.60±10.13	288.66±20.91	2.01±0.25	0.92±0.06	0.32±0.03	19.88±0.86
			F (n=5)	181.60±16.71	330.98±50.39	2.06±0.28	0.93±0.05	0.34±0.03	20.78±1.10
			MF(n=10)	181.10±9.21	309.82±26.66	2.04±0.18	0.93±0.04	0.33±0.02	20.33±0.68
NK (900 mg/kg p.o/day)			M(n=5)	180.20±13.43	310.80±33.66	2.28±0.29	0.96±0.13	0.38±0.04	21.21±2.33
			F (n=5)	181.20±14.59	308.42±36.41	1.85±0.23	0.930.04±	0.31±0.03	20.48±1.60
			MF(n=10)	180.70±9.35	309.61±23.38	2.06±0.19	0.94±0.06	0.35±0.03	20.85±1.34

Values expressed as mean ± SEM; Significance with Tukey’s test following one way ANOVA is evaluated as ^* p < 0.05 and ^** p < 0.01 vs control group. SGOT – Serum Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase; SGPT – Serum Glutamate pyruvate transaminase.
Values expressed as mean ± SEM; n=10 (5/sex); Significance with Tukey’s test following one way ANOVA is evaluated as ^* p < 0.05 and ^** p < 0.01 vs control group. LDH – Lactate dehydrogenase; ALP- Alkaline Phosphatase; GGT- Gamma Glutamyl Transferase; BUN – Blood Urea Nitrogen.

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