Effect of Croatian propolis on diabetic nephropathy and liver toxicity in mice

Table 3 Biochemical parameters of nondiabetic mice, untreated diabetic mice and diabetic mice treated with WSDP or EEP

	Nondiabetic mice^a	Diabetic mice^b	Diabetic mice + (0.5% EtOH)	Diabetic mice + EEP^c	Diabetic mice + WSDP^c
ALP (U L^-1)	53.75 ± 7.50	83.33 ± 16.07^#	95 ± 10.80^##	71.25 ± 20.15	65 ± 10.80
AST (U L^-1)	146.25 ± 13.50	186.25 ± 31.72	183.75 ± 41.70	167.5 ± 29.58	161.25 ± 29.54
ALT (U L^-1)	57.5 ± 9.36	81.25 ± 9.46	90 ± 15.35	66.25 ± 11.09*	60 ± 10.80*
LD (g L^-1)	1881 ± 298.48	2246.25 ± 157.92^#	2487.5 ± 253.42^#	995 ± 358.86^{*** ΔΔΔ}	586.25 ± 90.68**^ΔΔ
TP (g L^-1)	48.5 ± 4.38	44.5 ± 1.96	48.75 ± 4.92	40.75 ± 4.78	40.875 ± 1.93 ^Δ
GLU (mmol L^-1)	9.89 ± 0.64	30.52 ± 5.34^##	25.575 ± 4.55^#	32.57 ± 7.47 ^ΔΔΔ	47.75 ± 6.35 ^ΔΔ
UREA (mmol L^-1)	7.5 ± 1.22	9.125 ± 0.42	9.88 ± 1.89	13.625 ± 3.45 ^Δ	7.88 ± 2.43
Cholesterol (mmol L^-1)	3.52 ± 0.26	3.20 ± 1.00	3.20 ± 0.80	4.14 ± 2.36	3.55 ± 0.72
Triglycerides (mmol L^-1)	2.72 ± 0.16	3.00 ± 0.90	3.37 ± 1.11	2.20 ± 0.97	2.56 ± 0.92

^aControl group of nondiabetic mice received 0.5 mL physiological solution intraperitonealy (ip) for 7 consecutive days starting starting 2 days after aloxan injection.
^bDiabetic mice; injected iv with alloxan in a single dose of 75 mg kg^-1 body weight and served as untreated diabetic group.Untreated diabetic mice received 0.5 mL physiological solution or 0.5% ethanolic solution intraperitonealy (ip) for 7 consecutive days starting starting 2 days after aloxan injection.
^cDiabetic mice treated with WSDP or EEP ip in a daily dose of 50 mg kg^-1 for 7 days starting 2 days after alloxan injection.
*Statistically significant difference between WSDP or EEP treated diabetic mice and untreated diabetic animals (*P <0.05; P** < 0.01; Student t-test).
^# Statistically significant difference between untreated diabetic mice and nondiabetic animals (^## P <0.01; Student t-test).
^Δ Statistically significant difference between nondiabetic animals and WSDP or EEP treated diabetic mice (^Δ P <0.05; ^ΔΔ P <0.01; ^ΔΔΔ P <0.001; Student t-test).

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